Acellular Biomaterial Scaffolds for Bladder Repair
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for bladder reconstruction, such as enterocystoplasty using intestinal bowel segments, are associated with complications like metabolic abnormalities, infection, and limited success with existing biomaterials for bladder repair and augmentation, and require lengthy cell transplantation processes.
Innovation Solution
Development of acellular nonwoven scaffolds made from biocompatible, bioabsorbable materials like poly(p-dioxanone) and poly(glycolic acid) copolymers, which are used without cell seeding for urological repair, providing a scaffold for tissue augmentation and regeneration.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If enterocystoplasty using intestinal bowel segments is used for bladder reconstruction, then bladder closure and regeneration can be achieved, but metabolic abnormalities, infection, and other complications occur
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts and removes the harmful metabolic functions of the bowel segment while retaining the structural support function. By using a biomaterial scaffold that lacks the metabolic activity of intestinal tissue, the patent eliminates complications like metabolic abnormalities and infection while maintaining bladder closure capability
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the material parameters from biological tissue (bowel) to synthetic biomaterials. This parameter change transforms the properties of the reconstruction material to eliminate metabolic functions while maintaining structural integrity, thereby resolving the contradiction between closure success and metabolic complications
2Reliability
If cell transplantation on biodegradable polymer scaffolds is performed for bladder repair, then tissue engineering and regeneration can be achieved, but the process is long and time consuming requiring at least eight weeks between implantations
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts and removes the cell transplantation step from the tissue engineering process. By using acellular biomaterial scaffolds that provide structural support and promote natural tissue regeneration, the patent eliminates the time-consuming cell culture and transplantation phases while maintaining regeneration efficacy
Solution Approach 2:
The invention enables the body's own cells to perform the regeneration function without external cell transplantation. The biomaterial scaffold serves as a self-sufficient structure that guides and supports natural tissue growth, eliminating the need for lengthy cell preparation and implantation procedures
3Strength
If synthetic materials like polyvinyl sponge, gelatin sponge, polytetrafluoroethylene, and silicon are used for bladder reconstruction, then structural support can be provided, but mechanical, structural or biocompatibility issues arise
Solution Approach 1:
The invention uses composite biomaterials that combine the advantages of different materials. The scaffold incorporates multiple biocompatible polymers with complementary properties, achieving both structural strength and excellent biocompatibility, thereby resolving the contradiction between mechanical support and tissue compatibility
4Reliability
If naturally derived materials such as dura, de-epithelialized bowel segment, omentum, peritoneum, seromuscular grafts, and small intestinal submucosa are used for bladder repair, then biocompatibility can be improved, but mechanical and structural issues limit success
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the material parameters from natural tissues to engineered biomaterials with optimized mechanical properties. By controlling the physical and chemical parameters of synthetic polymers, the patent achieves both biocompatibility and mechanical strength, resolving the contradiction between tissue compatibility and structural integrity
Data Source
AI summary
A tissue engineering construct made from a nonwoven fabric. The fabric is made from first and second staple fibers. The first staple fibers are made from a first biocompatible, bioabsorbable material, and the second staple fibers are made from a second biocompatible, bioabsorbable material. The first material has a melting temperature lower than the second material. The fabric is formed into a three-dimensional construct suitable for the repair of urinary tract structures.