Customized Acetabular Reaming Guide for Hip Arthroplasty
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current orthopaedic surgical instruments for acetabular cup prosthesis implantation are generic and lack patient-specific customization, leading to challenges in accurately positioning and orienting the prosthesis during hip arthroplasty procedures, requiring surgeons to estimate placement and locate bone landmarks.
Innovation Solution
A customized patient-specific acetabular reaming guide with a body and multiple arms, each coupled via joints for mobility, and feet with negative contours matching the patient's coxal bone contours, allowing precise positioning and guiding reaming procedures based on predetermined inclination and version angles.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If generic orthopaedic surgical instruments are used, then device complexity is reduced and ease of manufacture is improved, but manufacturing precision and measurement precision deteriorate due to inability to accurately position and orient prosthesis
Solution Approach 1:
Patient-specific anatomical data is collected and processed pre-operatively to create a customized surgical guide that incorporates patient-specific positioning information before the surgical procedure begins, eliminating the need for intraoperative estimation and landmark location
Solution Approach 2:
A physical or digital model of the patient's specific anatomy is created and used as the basis for designing the customized surgical instrument, allowing the instrument to be precisely tailored to the individual patient's bone structure and geometry
2Measurement precision
If generic orthopaedic surgical instruments are used, then device complexity is reduced, but measurement precision deteriorates due to reliance on surgeon estimation
Solution Approach 1:
The desired prosthesis orientation and positioning parameters are determined pre-operatively through imaging and planning, and this information is incorporated into the customized surgical guide design to ensure accurate orientation during surgery
Solution Approach 2:
The patient's specific anatomical geometry is copied and integrated into the surgical guide design, allowing precise transfer of measurement data from preoperative planning to intraoperative execution
3Productivity
If generic orthopaedic surgical instruments are used, then ease of operation is maintained, but productivity deteriorates due to time-consuming landmark location and estimation
Solution Approach 1:
All positioning and orientation decisions are made pre-operatively and encoded into the customized surgical guide, eliminating time-consuming intraoperative estimation and landmark location while maintaining ease of use through simple guide placement
Solution Approach 2:
The patient-specific surgical guide automatically provides positioning and orientation guidance based on the patient's unique anatomy, eliminating the need for surgeon estimation and landmark location while maintaining operational simplicity
Data Source
AI summary
A customized patient-specific orthopaedic instrument for facilitating implantation of an acetabular cup prosthesis in a coxal bone of a patient includes a customized patient-specific acetabular reaming guide. The customized patient-specific acetabular reaming guide includes a longitudinal passageway for an acetabular reamer and a plurality of arms with attached feet. Each foot of the reaming guide is positioned relative to the body based on the contours of the coxal bone of the patient and a predetermined degree of version and inclination angles of the acetabular cup prosthesis when implanted in the patient's coxal bone.