Hydrosilane Composition With Acid Amide for Selective Hydrosilylation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Hydrosilane compounds face issues with low reactivity, selectivity, and high self-reactivity leading to disproportionation and dehydrogenation reactions, which result in decreased purity and increased by-products.
Innovation Solution
A hydrosilane composition comprising a mixture of hydrosilane compounds and acid amide compounds, specifically formamide or N-methylformamide, is used to enhance reactivity and selectivity while mitigating disproportionation and dehydrogenation reactions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If hydroalkoxysilane compounds are used, then the level of ionic impurities is lower and the process is simpler, but the reactivity and reaction selectivity decrease
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the chemical parameters of the hydroalkoxysilane compound by introducing specific alkoxy groups (methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy) and controlling their ratios to optimize both reactivity and impurity levels. The patent specifies precise compositional parameters to achieve the desired balance between reaction rate and ionic impurity content.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates a composite hydrosilane compound that combines characteristics of both hydrohalosilane (high reactivity) and hydroalkoxysilane (low ionic impurities) by incorporating multiple types of silyl groups with different properties within the same molecular structure, achieving synergistic effects.
2Productivity
If hydroalkoxysilane compounds are used, then the process is simpler and productivity is excellent, but the reaction selectivity decreases due to double bond transfer
Solution Approach 1:
The invention optimizes the ratio of different silyl groups (formula 1 to formula 2) within the hydroalkoxysilane compound to control reaction selectivity. By adjusting these compositional parameters, the patent achieves high selectivity for the desired hydrosilylation reaction while maintaining the process simplicity of hydroalkoxysilane compounds.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention introduces different types of silyl groups with distinct local chemical environments and reactivities within the same compound. This local differentiation allows selective reaction at specific sites while maintaining overall process simplicity.
3Speed
If hydrohalosilane compounds are used, then the reactivity is high, but highly corrosive hydrogen halide is generated requiring expensive basic compounds for treatment
Solution Approach 1:
The invention converts the potentially harmful hydrolysis reaction of halosilyl groups (which generates corrosive hydrogen halide) into a beneficial process by using it to generate reactive species that enhance the overall reactivity of the compound, while the byproduct is easily manageable water instead of corrosive acid.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention replaces expensive basic compounds (such as amine salts, urea salts, metal salts) used to neutralize hydrogen halide with a simpler, more economical approach where the hydrolysis byproduct is water, eliminating the need for costly neutralization agents and waste treatment processes.
4Speed
If hydrohalosilane compounds are used, then the reactivity is high, but the complexity of operations increases due to salt removal
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts or eliminates the need for complex salt removal operations by designing a hydroalkoxysilane-based compound that does not generate insoluble salts during hydrolysis. The reaction byproduct is water-soluble or easily removable, eliminating the need for filtration, liquid-liquid extraction, or other complex separation operations.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composition stabilizes the hydrosilane, reducing chemical changes and by-products, thereby improving reaction selectivity and rate.
Implementation Method 1
the self-reactivity of a hydrosilane compound decreases due to interaction with an acid amide compound, resulting in a stable state in which there is less decrease in purity and chemical changes have been moderated and also mitigating disproportionation and dehydrogenation reactions
Implementation Method 2
When the hydrosilane compound is one which has a hydrolyzable silyl group, silanol groups created by the hydrolysis of such hydrolyzable silyl groups form covalent bonds with hydroxyl groups on an inorganic material surface
Implementation Method 3
silanol groups created by the hydrolysis of such hydrolyzable silyl groups form covalent bonds with hydroxyl groups on an inorganic material surface, firmly bonding with the inorganic material
Implementation Method 4
they can synthesize various organosilicon compounds by way of, for example, hydrosilylation with an organic compound having an unsaturated bond in the form of a vinyl group, carbonyl group, imino group or the like
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention provides a hydrosilane composition which contains a mixture of a hydrosilane compound represented by general formula (1) and an acid amide compound. H-SiR1n(OR2)3-n (1) (In the formula, each R1 independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; each R2 independently represents a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; and n represents an integer of 0 to 2.)