Composite Acid Gas Absorbent for Fast CO2 Capture
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing acid gas absorbents, such as alkanolamines, have insufficient CO2 absorption speed and high diffusion characteristics, leading to inefficiencies in acid gas removal processes.
Innovation Solution
A novel acid gas absorbent comprising an amine compound and an amino-acid salt compound, specifically designed to enhance CO2 absorption capacity and reduce diffusion, is developed, incorporating specific chemical formulas and concentrations to optimize absorption and separation efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If conventional alkanolamines are used as acid gas absorbents, then the absorption process is economically efficient and easy to scale up, but the CO2 absorption speed is insufficient and the diffusion characteristic is high
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines a cyclic amine compound (reactive component) with an alkanolamine (carrier component) to create a composite absorbent system. The cyclic amine provides high CO2 absorption speed through its reactive amino groups, while the alkanolamine serves as a stable carrier with low diffusion characteristics. This composite approach allows the system to achieve both fast absorption kinetics and low energy loss by leveraging the complementary properties of both compound types.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes the concentration ratio between cyclic amine and alkanolamine components, maintaining cyclic amine at 1-50 mass% and alkanolamine at 50-99 mass%. This parameter optimization ensures that the reactive cyclic amine is present in sufficient quantity to provide fast absorption speed, while the dominant alkanolamine component maintains low diffusion characteristics. The specific concentration ranges are tuned to balance reaction promotion with diffusion suppression.
2Productivity
If cyclic diamines are used to promote reaction, then the CO2 absorption speed increases, but the vapor pressure is high and diffusion is easy
Solution Approach 1:
The alkanolamine acts as an intermediary carrier that binds the cyclic amine compound, effectively mediating between the high-reactivity cyclic amine and the system requirements for low vapor pressure and low diffusion. The alkanolamine component suppresses the harmful diffusion and vaporization effects while preserving the CO2 absorption speed enhancement provided by the cyclic amine, allowing the system to benefit from reaction promotion without suffering from the drawbacks of pure cyclic diamine usage.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The new absorbent significantly increases CO2 absorption capacity, reduces energy consumption, and minimizes diffusion, enabling efficient and cost-effective acid gas removal with improved treatment efficiency and reduced emissions.
Implementation Method 1
an amine compound and an amino-acid salt compound, wherein the amine compound is represented by the general formula (1) and the amino-acid salt compound is represented by the general formula (2)
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed herein are acid gas absorbents that afford high acid gas (CO2) absorption amount per unit volume and high absorption speed and can prevent the absorbent components from diffusing. The acid gas absorbent contains an amine compound of the formula (1) and a cyclic amine compound of the formula (3) or (3′):