Acid Gas Absorbent Composition for Low-Loss CO2 and H2S Removal
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for removing acid gases from gaseous mixtures, such as natural gas, are inefficient in absorbing CO2 and H2S at high concentrations, lead to increased fluid viscosity, and result in the depletion of essential hydrocarbons, necessitating high energy consumption and complex plant layouts.
Innovation Solution
A composition comprising a diol with a normal boiling point above 100°C, a strong organic base with a pKb ≤ 3, and a polar aprotic solvent with specific viscosity and boiling point characteristics, used in a process that absorbs acid gases at temperatures between 0°C and 70°C, allowing easy regeneration and minimizing hydrocarbon loss.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If conventional amine washing systems are used to remove acid gases, then acid gas removal efficiency is improved, but fluid viscosity increases and hydrocarbon loss occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the washing fluid by using specific ratios of primary/secondary amines (10-40% v/v) combined with MDEA (60-90% v/v), and controls operational parameters (temperature 0-70°C, pressure 1-50 bar) to optimize acid gas removal while minimizing hydrocarbon absorption and viscosity increase
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses a composite amine system combining multiple amine types (primary, secondary, and MDEA) to create a synergistic washing fluid that achieves superior acid gas removal efficiency while maintaining lower viscosity and reduced hydrocarbon loss compared to single-amine systems
2Productivity
If high concentrations of acid gases are absorbed, then removal efficiency is improved, but fluid viscosity increases requiring more energy
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes operational parameters including temperature (0-70°C) and pressure (1-50 bar) to enhance acid gas absorption capacity while controlling viscosity increases, and uses regenerative processes to reduce overall energy consumption of the washing system
3Manufacturing precision
If multiple treatment steps are used to remove acid gases, then purification precision is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The invention combines multiple acid gas removal functions into a single integrated washing step using a specially formulated amine mixture that simultaneously removes H2S, CO2, and mercaptans, eliminating the need for separate treatment units and simplifying plant layout while maintaining high purification precision
Solution Approach 2:
The amine-based washing fluid performs multiple functions simultaneously: removing H2S, CO2, and mercaptans in one process step, making the system universal for treating various acid gas compositions without requiring separate specialized treatment stages
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The process achieves high acid gas absorption efficiency with minimal hydrocarbon loss, reduces energy consumption, and simplifies plant layout by achieving residual gas concentrations below 1000 ppm in a single step, with improved CO2 absorption compared to previous methods.
Implementation Method 1
contacting said gaseous mixture with said absorbent mixture to obtain a purified gaseous mixture and a liquid solution comprising at least a part of said acid gases
Implementation Method 2
separating the purified gaseous mixture from said liquid solution obtained in step (a); regenerating said absorbent mixture usable in step (a) and forming a separate gaseous mixture comprising said acid gases, in particular by heating said liquid solution separated in step (b)
Data Source
AI summary
An acid gas absorbing mixture and a process for the removal of acid gases from gaseous mixtures containing them, such as natural gas, air and flue gases andan absorbent mixture usable for the removal of acid gases from gaseous mixtures containing them includesat least one diol of general formula R(OH)2 having a normal boiling point equal to or greater than 100° C.;at least one organic base having a pKb (in water) lower than or equal to 3; anda polar aprotic solvent having a dielectric constant ε at 25° C. greater than or equal to 30, a viscosity μ at 25° C. lower than or equal to 40 cP (centipoise).The organic base/diol weight ratio is lower than or equal to 0.6, andthe aprotic solvent/diol weight ratio is between 0.05 and 0.6.