Acoustic Biometric Sensor for Anti-Spoofing Authentication

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Solution Overview

Problem

Biometric identification systems are vulnerable to spoofing due to their reliance on liveness measures that can be circumvented by artificial samples mimicking human biometric characteristics, and existing anti-spoofing systems are often large and unsuitable for mobile devices.

Innovation Solution

A portable biometric device that detects and processes biometric information, including sweat gland pores and fingerprints, using an electromagnetic field to stimulate fluorescence, and converts this information into an acoustic signal or digital data for transmission to an external device for verification, which can generate a visual or audio output to confirm identity.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If liveness measures are used for biometric identification, then authentication reliability is improved, but the system becomes vulnerable to spoofing by artificial samples

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveauthentication reliabilityVSAvoidvulnerability to spoofing

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces traditional optical sensors with acoustic sensors that emit sound waves and detect their reflection from the finger surface. This substitution enables detection of acoustic properties (acoustic impedance, resonance frequency) that are difficult to replicate in artificial samples, thereby improving anti-spoofing capability while maintaining authentication reliability.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes the detection parameter from optical properties to acoustic properties. By measuring acoustic impedance and resonance frequency of the finger, the system obtains biometric characteristics that are inherently difficult to fake, as these acoustic parameters depend on the physical structure and material properties of the living finger that are challenging to replicate in artificial samples.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If anti-spoofing systems use traditional optical sensors, then spoofing detection capability is improved, but device size increases making it unsuitable for mobile devices

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvespoofing detection capabilityVSAvoiddevice size

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSWeight of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces bulky optical sensors with compact acoustic sensors. Acoustic sensors can be integrated into mobile devices without requiring the large sensor arrays needed for optical-based anti-spoofing systems, thus maintaining spoofing detection capability while reducing device size and weight.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The acoustic sensor serves multiple functions: it detects acoustic properties for anti-spoofing, captures biometric data for identification, and can operate in various lighting conditions. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for separate optical sensors, reducing overall device complexity and size.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Ease of operation

If liveness measures are compared to predetermined acceptable ranges, then authentication process is simplified, but the system can be circumvented by artificial samples mimicking human characteristics

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveauthentication process simplicityVSAvoidsecurity against circumvention

Core Design Contradiction:

Ease of operationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The system substitutes simple range-based comparison with acoustic property measurement. By measuring acoustic impedance and resonance frequency, the system obtains physical characteristics that are inherently difficult to replicate. This maintains operational simplicity while significantly improving security, as artificial samples cannot easily mimic the acoustic properties of living human tissue.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The acoustic sensor acts as an intermediary that detects physical properties of the finger through sound wave interaction. This intermediary measurement approach provides a more robust basis for authentication, as the acoustic properties detected (acoustic impedance, resonance frequency) serve as reliable indicators of living tissue that are difficult to fake with artificial materials.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution effectively enhances security by providing a unique biometric measure that is difficult to replicate artificially, while being compact and suitable for mobile devices, thereby reducing the risk of spoofing and improving authentication reliability.

Implementation Method 1

using an electromagnetic field to stimulate fluorescence

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectFluorescence: Fluorescence

Data Source

PatentUS20240152593A1System, Method and Apparatus for Generating Acoustic Signals Based on Biometric Information

Publication Date: 2024.05.09 BIOTUNE INC

AI summary

An apparatus, method and system are provided for sensing an individual's biometric information, and generating and transmitting an acoustic signal representative of the sensed biometric information. The acoustic signal may be transmitted as an audio signal or an ultrasonic signal to another apparatus in the system for authentication or verification of the individual's identity.