Acoustic Biosensor for Continuous Bloodstream Analyte Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional blood analyzers are unable to provide real-time data on analyte concentrations in the bloodstream, leading to delayed detection of conditions like myocardial infarction, as they can only indicate analyte presence at the time of sampling and require invasive multiple assays.
Innovation Solution
An in vivo acoustic biosensor system that continuously monitors blood by positioning a biosensor in fluid communication with a blood vessel, using antibodies to bind to analytes and measuring changes in resonant frequency to calculate real-time analyte concentration.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional blood analyzers are used to detect analytes, then the device can indicate analyte presence at the time of sampling, but it cannot provide real-time continuous data and requires invasive multiple assays
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements continuous detection by maintaining the biosensor in fluid communication with the blood vessel, allowing blood to continuously contact the sensor surface. The biosensor is repeatedly excited and monitored to approximate continuous measurement, eliminating the need for repeated invasive sampling while providing real-time analyte concentration data.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical invasive sampling system with an acoustic biosensor detection system. Instead of repeatedly drawing blood samples through mechanical punctures, the system uses acoustic waves to detect analyte binding events on the sensor surface, substituting mechanical invasion with acoustic field-based detection.
2Reliability
If multiple in vitro assays are performed periodically to screen blood, then the possibility of missing biological events is reduced, but the procedure is overly invasive to the patient
Solution Approach 1:
The biosensor provides continuous monitoring of analyte concentration in real-time, eliminating the need for periodic repeated sampling. This continuous detection approach maintains detection reliability while significantly reducing the number of invasive procedures required, as the sensor remains in place and continuously detects analyte binding events.
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs self-monitoring through continuous acoustic detection without requiring external intervention or repeated sampling. The biosensor automatically detects analyte binding events and provides real-time data, making the detection process autonomous and eliminating the need for multiple invasive assays to maintain detection reliability.
3Measurement precision
If cardiac marker assays are performed serially at 6-8 hour intervals, then the detection of infarction is possible, but there is a delay of several hours before therapy can be provided
Solution Approach 1:
The acoustic biosensor provides continuous real-time detection of cardiac markers in the bloodstream, eliminating the 6-8 hour intervals between conventional assays. The sensor continuously monitors for analyte binding events, providing immediate detection when infarction occurs, thereby eliminating the time delay between detection and therapy provision.
Solution Approach 2:
The system is designed to detect analyte binding events as they occur in real-time, rather than waiting for serial sampling intervals. This preliminary detection capability allows the system to identify infarction events immediately upon occurrence, enabling immediate therapeutic intervention without waiting for the next scheduled assay.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables instantaneous and continuous detection of analyte concentrations, reducing the risk of delayed diagnosis and treatment by providing real-time data to clinicians.
Implementation Method 1
The biosensor is repeatedly excited and the biosensor's resonant frequency is repeatedly monitored, therefore approximating a continuous measurement. Changes in the resonant frequency are recorded and analyzed by a detector device which calculates the concentration of the analyte in the bloodstream.
Implementation Method 2
detecting a change in at least one of an electrical and mechanical property of the biosensor indicative of a mass change resulting from binding of the at least one material with the analyte
Data Source
AI summary
A method for performing a blood assay is disclosed. The method includes the steps of: positioning an acoustic biosensor in fluid communication with a blood vessel of the patient whereby blood from the blood vessel contacts the biosensor. The biosensor includes at least one material adapted to bind to an analyte. The method also includes the steps of detecting a change in at least one of an electrical and mechanical property of the biosensor indicative of a mass change resulting from binding of the at least one material with the analyte and transmitting a real time signal representative of mass change to a display module to provide real time analysis by a clinician.