Object Characterization via Acoustic Impact and Sensor Fusion
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing waste sorting technologies face high costs and energy consumption due to the use of multiple sensors, and optics require complex algorithms and frequent maintenance, making them inefficient for characterizing moving objects during sorting.
Innovation Solution
A device that characterizes moving objects by generating a controlled shock using a percussion element, recording the resulting sound signal with an acoustic system, and utilizing ultrasonic and magnetic sensors to determine object dimensions and material, reducing the need for multiple sensors and complex optics.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If multiple sensors (spectrometer, inductive sensor, video means) are used for object characterization, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple sensing modalities (acoustic sensor, optical sensor, and weight sensor) into a single integrated characterization system. The acoustic sensor detects material properties through sound wave interaction, the optical sensor provides visual identification, and the weight sensor measures mass - all three sensors and their processing functions are merged into one unified device that characterizes objects simultaneously, reducing overall system complexity while maintaining comprehensive measurement capabilities
Solution Approach 2:
The characterization device is designed as a multi-functional system that can identify different object properties (material composition, visual characteristics, weight) using a single integrated unit. This universal device replaces the need for separate specialized sensors for each property, allowing one device to perform multiple characterization functions that previously required multiple independent systems
2Measurement precision
If multiple sensors and stations are deployed for waste sorting, then object identification accuracy is improved, but energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple sensing functions into a single integrated station where acoustic, optical, and weight sensors operate simultaneously. This consolidation allows the system to characterize objects using one coordinated setup rather than multiple separate stations, reducing the cumulative energy consumption of multiple independent sensor systems while maintaining comprehensive identification accuracy through the combined sensing modalities
3Measurement precision
If optical systems are used for object recognition, then measurement precision is improved, but ease of operation deteriorates due to frequent cleaning requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces acoustic waves as an intermediary sensing modality that can penetrate or interact with objects without requiring direct line-of-sight contact like optical systems. The acoustic sensor detects material properties through sound wave propagation and reflection, which is not affected by surface contaminants in the same way optical sensors are, thereby reducing the need for frequent cleaning while maintaining measurement precision
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the optical recognition system with an acoustic sensing system for material identification. Instead of using light-based optical sensors that require clear viewing paths and frequent cleaning, the system uses acoustic waves that can detect material properties through sound interaction, substituting a mechanical/acoustic approach for an optical one to eliminate maintenance issues related to lens and sensor cleaning
4Device complexity
If a flexible member with spring effect is used to propel the percussion element, then device complexity is reduced, but force control precision may deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The flexible member with spring effect is designed to automatically propel the percussion element against the moving object without requiring external actuation mechanisms. The spring stores potential energy and releases it to generate the impact force, making the system self-regulating and eliminating the need for complex motors, sensors, or control systems. The force control is achieved through the inherent mechanical properties of the spring rather than active control, simplifying the device while maintaining functional precision
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively characterizes objects with lower costs and energy consumption, enabling efficient sorting and recycling by analyzing sound signals and sensor data to differentiate materials, such as glass, metal, and plastic, while minimizing maintenance requirements.
Implementation Method 1
a percussion element arranged so as to generate a shock on the object during its movement
Implementation Method 2
an acoustic system configured so as to record a sound signal representative of said impact between the percussion element and the object
Implementation Method 3
The characterization device comprises an ultrasonic sensor oriented so as to cover the passage of the object during its movement
Implementation Method 4
an ultrasonic sensor oriented so as to cover the passage of the object during its movement
Implementation Method 5
The characterization device comprises a magnetic sensor placed at the level of a passage zone of the object during its movement
Data Source
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AI summary
The invention relates to a device for characterising a moving object, wherein said device includes: a module for characterising (3) said object (5); a guiding element (9) for guiding the object (5), configured such as to at least partially limit the movement of the object (5); a percussion element (4) arranged such as to generate an impact on the object (5) during the movement thereof after said object has at least partially engaged the guiding element (9); an acoustic system (6) configured such as to record an audio signal representing said impact between the percussion element (4) and the object (5), said acoustic system (6) being connected to said characterisation module (3) so that the recorded audio signal contributes to the characterisation of said object (5).