Acoustic Sensor Beam Structure for Wave Load Reconstruction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional acoustic sensors face accuracy and reliability issues due to errors in electro-mechanical conversion and are affected by background disturbances when tracking multiple objects, requiring a large footprint and being susceptible to noise and environmental conditions.
Innovation Solution
A system utilizing a beam structure with an elastic foundation and employing Tikhonov regularization and Arnoldi-Tikhonov methods for inverse analysis to determine displacement response parameter data, allowing for the reconstruction of arbitrary wave loads with improved accuracy and noise resistance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If piezoelectric sensors are used for electro-mechanical conversion, then wave loads can be detected, but significant errors are introduced leading to lower sensing accuracy
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces piezoelectric sensors with a beam structure that directly measures mechanical displacement caused by wave propagation. The beam structure converts wave-induced forces into measurable displacement without electro-mechanical conversion, eliminating the source of measurement errors and improving both accuracy and reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a beam structure as an intermediary element between the wave load and the measurement system. The beam structure transmits the wave-induced forces to displacement sensors, allowing indirect measurement that avoids the inaccuracies of direct piezoelectric conversion while maintaining measurement capability.
2Adaptability or versatility
If acoustic sensors search a wide range of frequencies and angles to identify multiple objects, then target identification capability is improved, but background disturbance causes random effects on measurement data leading to significant negative influence on estimation performance
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces acoustic sensing with direct mechanical displacement measurement using a beam structure. This substitution eliminates the susceptibility to background acoustic disturbances while maintaining the ability to detect wave-induced forces, thereby improving estimation performance without sacrificing target identification capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the previously harmful effect of background acoustic disturbances into a beneficial selective measurement approach. By measuring only the specific displacement frequencies and patterns caused by wave propagation through the beam structure, the system filters out unrelated background disturbances while capturing relevant wave signal information.
3Measurement precision
If sensor arrays are used to determine moving wave loads accurately, then measurement accuracy is improved, but a large footprint is required
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple measurement functions into a single beam structure. The beam simultaneously experiences and measures displacement from wave-induced forces at multiple locations and frequencies, eliminating the need for distributed sensor arrays while maintaining measurement accuracy through the inherent mechanical coupling of the beam structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from spatial distribution of multiple sensors to a one-dimensional beam structure where measurement information is obtained along the length of the beam. This dimensional change allows accurate wave load determination through the beam's structural response without requiring a large two-dimensional sensor array footprint.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system provides efficient and accurate sensing of moving wave loads, capable of operating in various environments and applications, including security and disaster recovery, with enhanced reliability and reduced noise interference.
Implementation Method 1
a beam structure with an elastic foundation and employing Tikhonov regularization and Arnoldi-Tikhonov methods for inverse analysis to determine displacement response parameter data
Data Source
AI summary
Arbitrary wave loads are detected and reconstructed by a sensor system based on an inverse mechanism of continuous structure responses. A sensor system comprising a sensing component configured with a sandwich-structured beam of composite materials can generate the structural responses as a moving wave propagates across the beam. In one example, an Arnoldi-Tikhonov algorithm coupled with generalized cross-validation technique can be utilized to determine a regularization parameter that is utilized to compensate for the presence of noise in the wave load and/or the highly ill-posed problems of the inverse matrix that is utilized for wave reconstruction. Further, the Tikhonov algorithm can be utilized to reconstruct wave loads (e.g., at different location on the beam and/or different times) based on the structural response parameters and the regularization parameter. As an example, an image of the determined wave load values can be rendered in three dimensions (3-D) versus time and location.