Active Measuring Circuit for ChemFET Biomarker Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing measurement circuits for chemically sensitive field effect transistors (ChemFET) and ion-sensitive field effect transistors (ISFET) face challenges in achieving low power consumption and compact size, making them unsuitable for portable devices due to the need for multiple power sources and higher energy consumption.
Innovation Solution
A measurement circuit utilizing an organic electrochemical transistor, ChemFET, or ISFET with a bridge circuit and operational amplifier, configured to operate with a minimal number of components, including transistors, resistance components, and a power source, allowing for low power consumption and compact design, enabling linear detection of substance concentrations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If multiple constant power sources (current sources and voltage sources) are used in measurement circuits, then measurement accuracy is improved, but power consumption increases and device size increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple power source functions into a single constant voltage source. The bridge circuit integrates both voltage reference and current regulation functions, eliminating the need for separate current and voltage sources while maintaining measurement accuracy through the operational amplifier's feedback control.
Solution Approach 2:
The single constant voltage source serves multiple functions: it provides the reference voltage for the bridge circuit, powers the operational amplifier, and enables current regulation through the feedback mechanism. This multi-functional design reduces component count and power consumption while maintaining measurement precision.
2Measurement precision
If multiple constant power sources (current sources and voltage sources) are used in measurement circuits, then measurement accuracy is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple power source components into a unified bridge circuit architecture. The operational amplifier and feedback network integrate voltage reference, current regulation, and signal amplification functions into a single coherent system, reducing component count and simplifying the overall device structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The operational amplifier acts as an intermediary that mediates between the single constant voltage source and the measuring transistor. It provides feedback control to regulate current flow and maintain measurement accuracy without requiring separate current sources, thereby simplifying the device architecture.
3Area of stationary object
If a compact measurement circuit design is implemented, then device size is reduced, but power consumption management becomes more challenging
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines power management and measurement functions into a single integrated bridge circuit. The operational amplifier and feedback network enable precise power control within the compact design, allowing the circuit to maintain low power consumption while achieving accurate measurements in a small footprint.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables low-power, compact, and efficient measurement of biomarker concentrations, suitable for wearable devices, with reduced energy consumption and simplified evaluation of output signals, facilitating continuous monitoring of patient-specific biomarkers.
Implementation Method 1
a field-effect transistor (211), in particular an organic electrochemical transistor (OECT), a chemically sensitive field effect transistor (ChemFET) or an ion-sensitive field effect transistor (ISFET)
Data Source
Figure 1A
Figure 1B
Figure 2A
AI summary
According to various embodiments, the application includes an active measuring circuit (100): an electrical power source (110), a bridge circuit (200), wherein a bridge input node (201) of the bridge circuit (200) and a bridge output node (202) of the bridge circuit (200) are connected to the electrical power source (110), wherein a field-effect transistor (211) and a first resistor (212) form a first bridge branch (210) of the bridge circuit (200) between the bridge input node (201) and the bridge output node (202), wherein a second resistor (221) and a third resistor (222) form a second bridge branch (220) of the bridge circuit (200) between the bridge input node (201) and the bridge output node (202), and wherein an operational amplifier (230) forms a bridge branch between the first bridge branch (210) and the second bridge branch (220) of the bridge circuit (200) forms,and wherein the operational amplifier (230) is connected to a gate contact of the field-effect transistor (211).