Active Rectifier Bridge Circuit Using Integrated Power Switch Tubes
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing off-chip rectifier bridges composed of diodes suffer from significant power loss and low system integration due to inherent voltage drops, leading to increased temperature and reduced efficiency.
Innovation Solution
An active rectifier bridge circuit is designed with a bias module, gate driver module, and power switch tube rectification module, utilizing NMOS and PMOS power switch tubes to convert alternating current to direct current, with the gate driver module controlling the switch drive and time sequence to implement dead-time control and reduce power loss.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If four discrete diode chips are used to form a rectifier bridge, then the rectification function is achieved, but power loss increases and system integration degree decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges four separate diode chips into a single integrated rectifier bridge circuit fabricated on one semiconductor substrate. The rectifier bridge includes four switching elements (Q1-Q4) with their gates interconnected to form a unified structure, eliminating the need for discrete components and reducing overall system complexity while maintaining rectification functionality.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces passive diode components with active switching elements controlled by a central control unit. Instead of relying on the inherent unidirectional conduction property of diodes, the invention uses electronically controlled switches that can be precisely timed and managed, substituting a simple passive mechanical-like component with an active electronically controlled system.
2Temperature
If four discrete diode chips are used to form a rectifier bridge, then the rectification function is achieved, but temperature rises sharply
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges four separate diode chips into a single integrated rectifier bridge circuit fabricated on one semiconductor substrate. The rectifier bridge includes four switching elements (Q1-Q4) with their gates interconnected to form a unified structure, eliminating the need for discrete components and reducing overall system complexity while maintaining rectification functionality.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces passive diode components with active switching elements controlled by a central control unit. Instead of relying on the inherent unidirectional conduction property of diodes, the invention uses electronically controlled switches that can be precisely timed and managed, substituting a simple passive mechanical-like component with an active electronically controlled system.
3Power
If diodes are used in the rectifier bridge, then the rectification function is achieved, but voltage drop occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces passive diode components with active switching elements controlled by a central control unit. Instead of relying on the inherent unidirectional conduction property of diodes, the invention uses electronically controlled switches that can be precisely timed and managed, substituting a simple passive mechanical-like component with an active electronically controlled system.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the operational parameters of the rectification process by using active switching elements that can be controlled to conduct during specific time intervals. The switching elements are driven with appropriate gate voltages to ensure they conduct with minimal voltage drop compared to traditional diodes, and the control unit optimizes the timing to maximize efficiency.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The active rectifier bridge circuit significantly reduces power loss, improves rectification efficiency, and enhances system integration by replacing diodes with power switch tubes, allowing for safer and more reliable rectification while enabling product miniaturization and intelligence.
Implementation Method 1
the power switch tube rectification module is configured to: perform a turn-on or turn-off operation on corresponding power switch tubes under the control of the four gate drive signals, and convert the one group of alternating current input voltages into a direct current output voltage for output
Data Source
AI summary
An active rectifier bridge circuit and an on-chip integrated system. The active rectifier bridge circuit includes: a bias module, configured to provide a first bias current source, a second bias current source, and an internal power supply for a gate driver module; the gate driver module controlled by the first bias current source, the second bias current source, and the internal power supply, and configured to process one group of alternating current input voltages to generate two groups of control signals that are mutually inverted, to generate four gate drive signals; a power switch tube rectification module, connected to the bias module and the gate driver module, configured to: perform a turn-on or turn-off operation on corresponding power switch tubes under the control of the four gate drive signals, and convert the one group of alternating current input voltages into a direct current output voltage for output.