Active Wheel Hub Cap with Shape Memory Blades

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Current aerodynamic hubcaps for motor vehicle wheels either compromise aerodynamics or brake cooling, as they either lack sufficient air passages for cooling or have suboptimal aerodynamic performance due to the orientation of blades.

Innovation Solution

An aerodynamic device with radially mounted blades on a motor vehicle wheel, utilizing shape-memory elements that adjust blade orientation based on temperature to optimize air flow for both aerodynamic drag reduction and brake cooling, featuring blades with an airplane wing profile and pivoting connections.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of energy

If aerodynamic hubcaps with blades are used to reduce drag, then aerodynamic performance is improved, but brake cooling efficiency deteriorates due to limited airflow

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaerodynamic dragVSAvoidbrake temperature
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The hubcap integrates both aerodynamic blades and ventilation flaps that can dynamically change their configuration. The aerodynamic blades are positioned to reduce drag during normal operation, while ventilation flaps can be opened to allow airflow to the brakes when cooling is required, resolving the contradiction between drag reduction and brake cooling

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The hubcap design combines multiple functions into a single component: it serves as both an aerodynamic element (with blades for drag reduction) and a ventilation system (with flaps for brake cooling). This multi-functional design allows the same hubcap structure to address both aerodynamic performance and thermal management needs

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Temperature

If standard wheel covers with numerous air passages are used, then brake cooling is improved, but aerodynamic performance deteriorates due to turbulence

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebrake temperatureVSAvoidaerodynamic drag
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

Instead of having permanently open air passages like standard wheel covers, the invention uses controllable ventilation flaps that can be opened or closed as needed. This dynamic control allows the system to provide brake cooling when required while maintaining aerodynamic efficiency during normal operation, avoiding the constant turbulence penalty of open passages

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Loss of energy

If turbine effect hubcaps with radial perforations are used, then aerodynamic drag is reduced, but brake cooling efficiency deteriorates due to limited airflow surface

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaerodynamic dragVSAvoidairflow to brakes
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The hubcap is segmented into distinct functional zones: aerodynamic blades for drag reduction and separate ventilation flaps for brake cooling. This segmentation allows each element to perform its specific function optimally without compromising the other, with the ventilation flaps providing dedicated airflow paths to the brakes independent of the aerodynamic blade configuration

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The device enhances both aerodynamic performance and brake cooling efficiency, maintaining aerodynamic action while allowing easy implementation and attractive design, achieving a 1.5 g CO2 reduction per kilometer and a 10°C reduction in brake fluid temperature.

Implementation Method 1

notable in that the blade(s) are pivotally mounted radially on the frame by means of at least one shape memory element configured to modify the orientation of said blade(s) according to the temperature

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectShape memory effect: Shape Memory Alloy

Implementation Method 2

the blade(s) are oriented to generate, when the device is rotating following the forward direction of the vehicle, an airflow directed from the outer face to the inner face of the wheel

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAerodynamic effect: Aerofoil

Data Source

PatentEP3758952B1Active wheel hub cap
Publication Date: 2022.01.12 PSA AUTOMOBILES SA
  • EP3758952B1 patent drawingFigure 1~5

AI summary

The invention concerns an aerodynamic device (1) for a motor vehicle wheel (3) that comprises a frame (9) intended to be mounted on an external face of the wheel (3), and at least one blade (7) linked to the frame (9) and extending radially, when the device (1) is in the mounted position. The blade or blades (7) of this device (1) are moreover mounted so as to be able to pivot radially on the frame (9) by means of at least one shape memory element (31) configured to modify the orientation of said blade or blades (7) depending on the temperature.