Adaptive Antenna Codebook Using Characteristic Matrices

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing wireless communication systems require different codebooks for various antenna arrays, leading to inefficiencies in beamforming and null steering, especially for arbitrary or 3D antenna arrays, as current designs are often specific to uniform arrays and do not adapt well to real-world antenna configurations.

Innovation Solution

Adapting a codebook to the actual or measured antenna array response using characteristic matrices, which describe the configuration and radiation characteristics of the transmitter's antenna array, allowing for accurate beamforming and null steering without the need for multiple codebook designs.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If different codebooks are designed for various antenna arrays, then beamforming accuracy is improved for specific antenna configurations, but device complexity and control information overhead increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebeamforming accuracyVSAvoidcodebook design complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent designs a universal codebook that can be adapted to different antenna array configurations through parameter transformation. The codebook is not fixed for specific antenna geometries but can be transformed to match arbitrary antenna responses by adjusting parameters in the characteristic matrices, thus achieving multi-functionality across different antenna configurations without requiring separate codebooks for each type

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes parameters of the codebook by transforming characteristic matrices to adapt the same codebook structure to different antenna array responses. Instead of creating entirely different codebooks, the system modifies parameters (matrix transformations) to make a single codebook work for various antenna configurations, reducing complexity while maintaining accuracy

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If codebooks are designed specifically for uniform antenna arrays, then beamforming performance is optimized for ideal configurations, but adaptability to real-world arbitrary antenna arrays deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebeamforming performanceVSAvoidadaptability to arbitrary antenna arrays
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces dynamic adaptability by allowing the codebook parameters to be transformed based on the actual antenna array response. The characteristic matrices can be adjusted dynamically to match the specific antenna configuration, enabling the codebook to adapt from ideal uniform array assumptions to real-world arbitrary configurations while maintaining beamforming performance

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The system uses feedback from channel state information to adjust and transform the characteristic matrices, allowing the codebook to be adapted to the actual antenna response. This feedback mechanism enables the system to learn from real-world measurements and transform the codebook parameters accordingly, bridging the gap between ideal design and real-world performance

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

3Measurement precision

If multiple codebook designs are used for different antenna configurations, then beamforming accuracy is improved, but control information overhead increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebeamforming accuracyVSAvoidcontrol information overhead
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of information

Solution Approach 1:

A single universal codebook structure serves multiple antenna configurations through parameter transformation, eliminating the need to transmit multiple different codebooks. The characteristic matrices contain the necessary transformation parameters that allow the receiver to adapt the codebook, reducing the amount of control information needed compared to transmitting separate codebooks for each antenna type

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Data Source

PatentEP3815257B1Antenna array codebook with beamforming coefficients adapted to an arbitrary antenna response of the antenna array
Publication Date: 2023.09.20 FRAUNHOFER GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FORDERUNG DER ANGEWANDTEN FORSCHUNG EV
  • EP3815257B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3815257B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3815257B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A receiver, comprising includes an antenna (202) for a wireless communication with a transmitter and a signal processor (302, 306, 306) to receive and process a radio signal received at the antenna via a radio channel (400). The receiver constructs a codebook (212) including a plurality of sets of beamforming weights for a plurality of directions, the beamforming weights in the codebook (212) being based on a first antenna array response matrix (Α(φ, Θ), A(h) (φ, Θ), A(v) (φ, Θ)) of a transmitter antenna array (202, 304) of the transmitter, and the transmitter selecting a set of beamforming weights from the codebook (212) to form by the transmitter antenna array (202, 304) a transmit/receive beam pointing in a selected direction. The receiver calculates one or more characteristic matrices (G, G(h), G(v) based on a model of the transmitter antenna array (202, 304) using (a) received position data of antenna elements of the transmitter antenna array and a preferred polarization of each antenna element, and/or (b) structural and/or geometrical data of the transmitter antenna array. The receiver constructs the codebook (212) using a second antenna array response matrix (D(φ, Θ)) and the one or more calculated characteristic matrices (G, G(h), G(v)). The first antenna array response matrix (Α(φ,Θ), A(h)(φ, Θ),A(v)(φ, Θ)) contains, for a plurality of directions, first array response vectors of the transmitter antenna array (202, 304), the second antenna array response matrix (D(φ, Θ)) contains, for one or more of the plurality of directions, second array response vectors of another antenna array, the other antenna array being different from the transmitter antenna array (202, 304), and the one or more characteristic matrices (G, G(h), G(v)) describing one or more characteristics of the transmitter antenna array (202, 304), and the first antenna array response matrix (Α(φ,Θ), A(h)(φ, Θ),A(v)(φ, Θ)) is modeled using the second antenna array response matrix (D( φ,θ )) and the one or more characteristic matrices (G, G(h), G(v)), each of the first array response vectors (a(φm,Θn),a(h) Θn), α(ν) (φm,Θn)) being a product of a characteristic matrix (G, G(h), G(v)) and a corresponding second array response vectors d (φm, Θn).