Adaptive Battery Charging Circuit with Internal Resistance Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional battery charging circuits are inefficient due to reliance on empiricism for estimating internal battery resistance, leading to incomplete charging and potential battery damage when charging batteries from different manufacturers.
Innovation Solution
A battery charging circuit that adaptively detects internal resistance and capacitance using a detecting unit with comparators, amplifiers, and an adjustable resistor to dynamically adjust charging voltage and current, enabling a fast charging mode by calculating internal resistance and capacitance during the charging process.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a constant-voltage mode is used to charge the battery after the external terminal voltage reaches VFULL, then the battery voltage is regulated within a safe voltage range, but the charging time is extended and the internal battery voltage does not reach VFULL due to voltage drop across the internal resistor
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by making the charging circuit adaptable to different battery conditions. The system dynamically adjusts the charging voltage based on the detected internal resistance value. When a battery is connected, the detection unit measures the internal resistance, and the control unit adjusts the charging voltage accordingly, allowing the system to transition from a static constant-voltage mode to a dynamic adaptive charging mode that optimizes both safety and charging speed.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the charging voltage parameter based on the detected battery internal resistance. Instead of using a fixed charging voltage, the system modifies the voltage parameter dynamically according to the specific battery characteristics. This parameter adjustment compensates for the voltage drop across the internal resistor, enabling the internal battery voltage to reach VFULL while maintaining external voltage within safe limits.
2Ease of manufacture
If the voltage across the battery internal resistor is estimated based on empiricism, then the charging process is simple, but it may result in battery damage when charging batteries from different manufacturers
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements feedback by introducing a detection unit that measures the actual internal resistance of the connected battery. This feedback mechanism replaces empirical estimation with real measurement data. The control unit uses this feedback information to adjust the charging voltage, ensuring safe and accurate charging for batteries from different manufacturers while maintaining system simplicity through automated detection and adjustment.
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs self-service by automatically detecting battery parameters and adjusting charging conditions without requiring manual intervention or pre-programmed manufacturer-specific settings. The detection unit autonomously measures the internal resistance, and the control unit self-adjusts the charging voltage based on this measurement, eliminating the need for complex empirical estimation tables or manual configuration.
3Reliability
If a lowered charging current is used in constant-voltage mode to regulate external battery voltage, then the voltage remains within safe limits, but the internal voltage does not reach fully-charged voltage VFULL
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by adjusting the charging voltage based on detected battery parameters. Instead of using a fixed lowered current approach, the system dynamically calculates and applies the appropriate voltage compensation based on the measured internal resistance. This dynamic adjustment ensures the internal voltage reaches VFULL while maintaining external voltage safety, resolving the measurement precision issue without compromising reliability.
Data Source
AI summary
A battery charging circuit for charging a battery is provided. The battery charging circuit includes a control module and a charging mode adjusting module. The charging mode adjusting module adjusts a charging mode according to a voltage value or a current value or an internal resistor of the battery. The charging mode adjusting module includes a charging unit and a detecting unit. The charging unit provides a charging current or a charging voltage to charge the battery. The detecting unit is electrically connected to the charging unit to detect the voltage value or the current value or the internal resistor of the battery.