Adaptive Beamforming Base Station for Road-to-Vehicle Communication
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Solution Overview
Problem
The existing radio communication systems for intelligent transport systems rely on broadcast communication, which limits the communication quality in road-to-vehicle communication due to fixed transmission directivity, failing to adapt effectively to varying vehicle types and conditions.
Innovation Solution
A base station equipped with a receiver to receive communication signals from vehicles, a controller to calculate antenna weights for beamforming, and a transmitter to transmit signals using these calculated weights, allowing for adaptive beamforming to improve communication quality specifically for targeted vehicles, such as buses or those in emergency situations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If broadcast communication is used for road-to-vehicle communication, then coverage for multiple vehicles is maintained, but communication quality for specific vehicles deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The base station dynamically adjusts transmission directivity by calculating antenna weights based on received signals from specific vehicles. This allows the system to transition from fixed broadcast mode to adaptive directional mode, improving communication quality for targeted vehicles while maintaining coverage for others through selective beamforming
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the parameter of transmission directivity by computing antenna weights from received communication signals. This parameter adjustment enables the base station to optimize signal directionality for specific vehicles based on their position, type, and communication conditions, resolving the contradiction between general coverage and targeted quality
2Reliability
If fixed transmission directivity is used, then system complexity is reduced, but communication quality for specific vehicles deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The base station uses communication signals received from vehicles themselves to calculate the antenna weights needed for beamforming. This self-service approach eliminates the need for external positioning systems or complex vehicle identification mechanisms, reducing overall system complexity while enabling adaptive transmission directivity
Solution Approach 2:
The system employs feedback by using the received communication signal from the vehicle to determine the optimal antenna weights for transmitting signals back to that vehicle. This feedback mechanism automatically adapts the transmission directivity based on actual communication conditions without requiring complex external control systems
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enhances communication quality by directing signals more effectively to specific vehicles, improving data transmission in road-to-vehicle communication while maintaining adequate coverage for multiple vehicles.
Implementation Method 1
a receiver configured to receive a first communication signal broadcasted from a mobile station installed on a vehicle
Implementation Method 2
a controller configured to calculate antenna weight forming a beam to the mobile station based on the received first communication signal
Implementation Method 3
a transmitter configured to transmit a second communication signal to the mobile station by a beamforming, by using the calculated antenna weight
Data Source
AI summary
A base station 200 provided around a road including: a receiver 213 configured to receive a first communication signal broadcasted from a mobile station installed on a vehicle, a controller 230 configured to calculate antenna weight forming a beam to the mobile station based on the received first communication signal, and a transmitter 214 configured to transmit a second communication signal to the mobile station by a transmission beamforming, by using the calculated antenna weight.