Adaptive Bitrate Adjustment for Multi-User Live Broadcast
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current multi-user video conferencing systems fail to account for varying user preferences and priorities, leading to inadequate delay management in multi-user interactive live broadcasts, where traditional solutions cannot meet the required tolerable delay of 100 milliseconds for frequent interactions, and are constrained by bandwidth limitations in multiple-to-multiple microphone scenarios.
Innovation Solution
An adaptive bitrate adjustment method that calculates a target bitrate using nonlinear programming, adjusts it based on buffer feedback to eliminate system errors, and clusters bitrates to maximize Quality of Experience (QoE) by considering uplink and downlink bandwidth and buffer information, forming a closed feedback loop for periodic adjustments.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of time
If traditional video conferencing solutions are used, then cost and user delay are minimized, but the tolerable delay requirement of 100 milliseconds for frequent interactions cannot be met
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic bitrate adjustment based on real-time network conditions and user preferences. The system dynamically switches between different video quality levels (bitrates) to maintain acceptable delay under varying network conditions, enabling frequent interactions while adapting to individual user requirements.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the bitrate parameter dynamically based on network conditions and user preferences. By adjusting the video bitrate parameter in real-time, the system optimizes the balance between delay and interaction frequency, allowing frequent interactions when network conditions permit while reducing delay when needed.
2Productivity
If a single video source is used for large number of viewers, then bandwidth consumption is reduced, but real-time interaction requirements in multiple-to-multiple scenarios cannot be satisfied
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by providing different video quality levels to different users based on their individual preferences and network conditions. Each user receives customized video quality rather than uniform quality to all users, enabling real-time interaction while efficiently managing bandwidth resources.
Solution Approach 2:
The system segments the video stream into multiple quality levels (bitrates) and selectively transmits appropriate segments to different users. This segmentation allows the system to handle multiple-to-multiple scenarios by providing real-time interaction capability to active speakers while maintaining bandwidth efficiency for listeners.
3Reliability
If bitrate is increased to improve video quality, then user experience is enhanced, but bandwidth consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system applies partial action by transmitting only the necessary video quality level to each user based on their preferences and network conditions. Rather than always transmitting high quality, the system adjusts the degree of quality transmission partially, providing high quality only when needed and using lower quality when bandwidth is constrained.
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed is an adaptive bitrate adjustment method for multi-user interactive live broadcast, comprising the following steps: 1) calculating a target bitrate of each pair of sending end and receiving end by using a non-linear programming method; 2) adjusting and online updating target bitrate by buffer feedback to eliminate system errors during modeling and measurement; and 3) clustering the target bitrate based on the QoE loss to obtain final actual bitrate. In the present invention, the user experience of the broadcaster is maximized and real-time interaction is achieved by reasonably adjusting the bitrate of each broadcaster end in a multi-user interactive live broadcast scenario and considering various constraint conditions.