Switching Power Supply Circuit With Adaptive Bridge Mode
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing switching power supply apparatuses face challenges in achieving downsizing and reducing losses while maintaining efficient voltage conversion.
Innovation Solution
A switching power supply apparatus with a center-tap rectifying circuit, bidirectional switches, and a driver that controls the inverter circuit to switch between half-bridge and full-bridge operations based on input voltage, minimizing conduction losses and reducing capacitor size.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If a conventional full-bridge inverter circuit is used, then voltage conversion capability is maintained, but conduction losses increase and device size increases
Solution Approach 1:
The inverter circuit dynamically switches between full-bridge operation (when input voltage is low) and half-bridge operation (when input voltage is high) based on real-time voltage detection. This dynamic adaptation allows the circuit to optimize conduction losses while maintaining voltage conversion capability across different operating conditions.
Solution Approach 2:
The circuit changes its operational parameters by switching between full-bridge and half-bridge configurations based on input voltage levels. When input voltage exceeds a predetermined threshold, the circuit transitions to half-bridge operation, effectively changing the conduction path and reducing losses without sacrificing voltage conversion ability.
2Volume of moving object
If capacitor size is reduced for downsizing, then device compactness improves, but voltage stabilization capability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The circuit employs dynamic switching between full-bridge and half-bridge modes to adapt to varying input voltage conditions. This dynamic operation allows the use of smaller capacitors while maintaining voltage stabilization capability, as the circuit can optimize its conduction paths in real-time rather than relying on large capacitors for passive stabilization.
3Loss of energy
If half-bridge operation is used during normal operation, then conduction losses are reduced, but input voltage range limitation occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The circuit changes its operational configuration based on input voltage parameters. When input voltage is below the predetermined threshold, full-bridge operation is employed to ensure adequate voltage conversion capability. When input voltage exceeds the threshold, the circuit transitions to half-bridge operation to minimize conduction losses, thus adapting to different voltage ranges optimally.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The apparatus achieves downsizing and reduces losses by optimizing operations based on input voltage, suppressing conduction losses during normal operation and allowing for efficient voltage conversion.
Implementation Method 1
The transformer includes a primary winding and a secondary winding
Implementation Method 2
The smoothing circuit includes an inductor and a second capacitor
Implementation Method 3
The first capacitor and the primary winding are coupled in series to each other in no particular order between a first node and a second node
Data Source
AI summary
A switching power supply apparatus includes: a pair of input terminals; a pair of output terminals; a transformer; an inverter circuit including first to fourth switching devices, a first capacitor, and a changeover switch; a rectifying and smoothing circuit including a rectifying circuit with rectifying devices and a smoothing circuit with an inductor and a second capacitor; and a driver. The first and second switching devices are coupled in series between a pair of coupling lines each coupled to corresponding one of the input terminals. The third and fourth switching devices are coupled in series between the coupling lines. The first capacitor and a primary winding are coupled in series in no particular order between a first node between the first and second switching devices and a second node between the third and fourth switching devices. The changeover switch is coupled in parallel to the first capacitor.