Adaptive Doherty Amplifier Biasing Without an Operational Amplifier

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Solution Overview

Problem

Doherty amplifiers with operational amplifiers fabricated using III-V semiconductor substrates result in increased circuit size and manufacturing costs, while reducing saturated output power when transistors in carrier amplifiers are downsized.

Innovation Solution

A Doherty amplifier design incorporating an adaptive attenuator that adjusts power attenuation based on input power levels, eliminating the need for an operational amplifier and minimizing circuit size, by using a directional coupler, voltage generator circuit, level shifter circuit, and voltage variable attenuator to manage power distribution between carrier and peaking amplifiers.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of energy

If the transistor size in the carrier amplifier is reduced to improve efficiency at backoff time, then power consumption is reduced, but saturated output power decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower consumptionVSAvoidsaturated output power
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSPower

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies dynamic bias control to the peaking amplifier transistor, where the gate bias voltage is dynamically adjusted based on the input power level. At backoff times (low input power), the transistor operates in a high-efficiency region with appropriate bias, while at saturation (high input power), the transistor delivers maximum output power. This dynamic operation resolves the contradiction between low power consumption and high saturated output power.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the operating parameters of the peaking amplifier transistor by applying different gate bias voltages depending on the input power level. The bias voltage is adjusted to optimize the transistor's operating point, enabling it to achieve both high efficiency at backoff times and sufficient gain at saturation, thereby resolving the contradiction between power consumption and saturated output power.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Power

If an operational amplifier is used to implement active bias technique, then saturated output power is maintained, but circuit size and manufacturing cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesaturated output powerVSAvoidcircuit size
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSArea of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts and eliminates the operational amplifier from the circuit by implementing the bias control function directly through transistor gate connections and passive components. The active bias technique is realized without requiring an operational amplifier, thereby significantly reducing circuit size and manufacturing cost while maintaining the ability to sustain saturated output power.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replicates the bias control functionality of an operational amplifier using simpler circuit elements such as transistors, resistors, and capacitors. The bias control mechanism is copied and implemented in a more compact form factor suitable for III-V semiconductor fabrication, achieving the same functional outcome with reduced circuit complexity and area.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

3Power

If an operational amplifier is used for active bias technique, then saturated output power is maintained, but manufacturing cost increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesaturated output powerVSAvoidmanufacturing cost
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent removes the operational amplifier component from the design, eliminating the associated manufacturing complexity and cost. The active bias function is achieved using standard transistor and passive component implementations that are more cost-effective and better suited for III-V semiconductor manufacturing processes.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces the expensive operational amplifier with simpler, cheaper circuit elements that can be manufactured more economically using III-V semiconductor processes. The simplified circuit implementation reduces manufacturing costs while maintaining the essential functionality of active bias control for sustaining saturated output power.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

Data Source

PatentUS11848647B2Doherty amplifier
Publication Date: 2023.12.19 SUMITOMO ELECTRIC INDUSTRIES LTD
  • US11848647B2 patent drawing
  • US11848647B2 patent drawing
  • US11848647B2 patent drawing

AI summary

A Doherty amplifier includes a divider configured to divide input power into first input power and second input power, and a carrier amplifier configured to amplify the first input power. The Doherty amplifier includes an adaptive attenuator configured to attenuate the second input power, the adaptive attenuator being configured to increase an attenuation amount upon detecting that the second input power is less than a predetermined value. The Doherty amplifier includes a peaking amplifier configured to amplify the attenuated second input power, and a combiner configured to combine output power of the carrier amplifier with output power of the peaking amplifier.