Adaptive Motion Vector Prediction for Video Compression
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing image compression standards face inefficiencies when encoding motion vectors, particularly when there is no correlation between predicted and current motion vectors, leading to increased bit amounts and decreased compression efficiency.
Innovation Solution
An apparatus and method that predictively decode motion vectors by selecting and determining predicted motion vectors from candidates within the current frame and a reference frame, using adjacent blocks and blocks in the reference frame to reduce the bit amount required for encoding.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If differential motion vector encoding is used based on predicted motion vector from adjacent blocks, then compression efficiency is improved when correlation exists, but bit amount increases and compression efficiency decreases when no correlation exists between predicted and current motion vectors
Solution Approach 1:
The patent dynamically adapts the motion vector prediction strategy based on the correlation between predicted and current motion vectors. When correlation is detected, differential encoding is applied; when no correlation exists, the system switches to encoding the current motion vector directly or using alternative prediction candidates, making the encoding approach flexible and adaptive to content characteristics
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the encoding parameters adaptively by selecting different prediction candidates (spatial, temporal, or combined) based on the measured correlation between predicted and actual motion vectors. This parameter adaptation allows the system to optimize the balance between bit rate and motion compensation accuracy for different video content regions
2Manufacturing precision
If additional information of predicted motion vector is encoded to reduce differential motion vector, then differential motion vector size is reduced, but bit amount for encoding additional information increases, decreasing compression efficiency
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies partial action by selectively encoding only the necessary components of motion vector information. Instead of always encoding full predicted motion vector details, the system encodes only when and where correlation exists, using conditional encoding strategies that avoid redundant information transmission
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses feedback mechanisms to evaluate the correlation between predicted and current motion vectors, then adjusts the encoding strategy accordingly. This feedback-driven approach allows the encoder to determine when additional prediction information is worthwhile and when it would be redundant, optimizing the bit rate vs. accuracy trade-off
Data Source
AI summary
An apparatus of predicting a current motion vector of a current block in a current frame for predictively decoding the current motion vector, the apparatus includes: a prediction candidate selector to select one or more motion vector prediction candidates from among blocks in the current frame and a block in a reference frame other than the current frame to determine a predicted motion vector corresponding to the current motion vector; and a predicted motion vector determiner to determine the predicted motion vector among the one or more motion vector prediction candidates, wherein the prediction candidate selector comprises: means for deriving one or more first motion vector prediction candidates from motion vectors of one or more blocks adjacent to the current block in the current frame, and means for deriving a second motion vector prediction candidate from a motion vector of the block located in the reference frame.