Adaptive Oxygen Blending Using Regional Oximetry Feedback
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing oxygen mixing and delivery systems lack accurate methods for regulating oxygen levels in patients, particularly for regional oximetry, leading to risks of cerebral hypoxia or hyperoxia, which can cause brain damage or oxidative stress.
Innovation Solution
A computer-implemented method using adaptive control of a gas mixture system that integrates regional and pulse oximetry data, employing sigmoid oxyhemoglobin dissociation curves and PID controllers to adjust oxygen concentration based on SpO2 and PaO2 values, with separate external gas blender systems for precise oxygen delivery.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If pulse oximetry is used for monitoring oxygen levels, then the monitoring is simple and non-invasive, but the data is unreliable for determining acceptable oxygenation levels in cerebral tissue
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces regional oximetry as an intermediary measurement technique that specifically targets cerebral tissue oxygenation. Instead of relying on peripheral pulse oximetry alone, the system uses a regional oximeter to directly measure oxygen saturation in cerebral tissue, providing accurate feedback for controlling oxygen delivery to the brain.
2Reliability
If supplemental oxygen is increased to prevent cerebral hypoxia, then oxygen delivery improves, but the risk of hyperoxia and oxidative stress increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a closed-loop feedback control system where regional oximetry continuously monitors cerebral tissue oxygen saturation and feeds this information back to the oxygen delivery system. The PID controller uses this feedback to dynamically adjust oxygen concentration, maintaining oxygen levels within a safe range and preventing both hypoxia and hyperoxia.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically changes the oxygen concentration parameter in the gas mixture based on real-time regional oxygen saturation measurements. By continuously adjusting this parameter according to actual tissue oxygenation needs, the system optimizes oxygen delivery while minimizing the risk of harmful hyperoxia.
3Manufacturing precision
If a separate external gas blender system is used for oxygen mixing, then the oxygen concentration can be precisely controlled, but the system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a separate external gas blender system as an intermediary device that specializes in precise gas mixture control. This dedicated component handles the complex task of oxygen blending while the main monitoring system focuses on regional oximetry and control logic, dividing functionality to achieve precision without overwhelming complexity.
Data Source
AI summary
A computer implemented method is disclosed for providing adaptive control of a gas mixture for delivery to a patient via a separate external gas blender system. The computer implemented method includes receiving first SpO2 data from a regional oximeter via a regional oximeter interface; determining first PaO2 data using a first lookup table derived from a first sigmoid shaped oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve; determining a first gas mixture value using the first PaO2 data; and transmitting first adaptive feedback control data including the first gas mixture value to the separate external gas blender system via a gas blender interface.