Adaptive PAPR Reduction for Multi-Carrier Modulation Schemes

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Solution Overview

Problem

Multi-carrier transmission systems face challenges with high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) due to the need for large power amplifier back-off, which reduces power efficiency and requires costly amplifiers, and existing PAPR reduction techniques either introduce distortions, reduce data rate, or require complex receiver designs.

Innovation Solution

A method to select and apply PAPR reduction methods based on the modulation scheme used for each set of sub-carriers, utilizing Partial Transmit Sequences (PTS) for higher order modulation and alternative methods like clipping or tone injection for lower order modulation, while maintaining reliable channel estimation and minimizing overhead.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If multi-carrier transmission is used, then data transmission capacity is improved, but peak-to-average power ratio increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedata transmission capacityVSAvoidpeak-to-average power ratio
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSPower

Solution Approach 1:

The transmit signal is divided into N nonoverlapping subvectors, and each subvector is multiplied by a different rotation factor. This segmentation allows independent manipulation of signal segments to reduce peaks while maintaining overall data transmission capacity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Rotation factors are applied to subvectors to change the phase parameters of signal segments. By optimizing these rotation factors from a discrete set, the patent reduces peak power while preserving average power and data rate.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If power amplifier back-off is increased to handle high PAPR, then signal linearity is improved, but power efficiency deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesignal linearityVSAvoidpower efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

PAPR reduction is applied at the transmitter before power amplification. By preprocessing the signal to reduce peaks in advance, the power amplifier can operate closer to its maximum power without suffering from non-linear distortion, thereby improving power efficiency while maintaining signal linearity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Power

If clipping is used to reduce PAPR, then peak power is reduced, but in-band and out-of-band distortions are introduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepeak powerVSAvoidsignal distortions
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

Rotation factors serve as intermediaries that modify the phase of signal subvectors to reduce peaks without directly clipping or distorting the signal. This intermediary approach achieves PAPR reduction while avoiding the harmful distortions associated with direct clipping methods.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

4Power

If adaptive constellation extension or tone injection is used, then PAPR is reduced, but receiver complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovePAPR reductionVSAvoidreceiver design complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The PAPR reduction function is extracted and implemented entirely at the transmitter through rotation factor application. This removes the need for complex receiver processing, as the signal modifications are predetermined and do not require sophisticated detection or compensation at the receiver end.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

5Power

If tone reservation or partial transmit sequences are used, then PAPR is reduced, but data rate decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovePAPR reductionVSAvoiddata rate
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The rotation factors are dynamically optimized for each transmit signal configuration, allowing maximum PAPR reduction without permanently reserving tones or reducing the number of active subcarriers. This dynamic adaptation maintains data transmission capacity while achieving effective PAPR control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Data Source

PatentEP2074783B1Method for peak-to-average power ratio reduction in telecommunication systems
Publication Date: 2010.07.21 NOKIA OF AMERICA CORP
  • EP2074783B1 patent drawingFigure 1

AI summary

A disclosed method of reducing peak to average power ratio (PAPR) includes selecting a PAPR reduction method dependent on a modulation scheme used for a set of sub-carriers. One type of modulation scheme is more suitable for at least one possible PAPR reduction method while another modulation scheme is more suitable for a different PAPR reduction method. Disclosed examples apply a different PAPR reduction technique to accommodate differing features of different modulation schemes.