Adaptive Radio Signal Compression for Split RAN Throughput Limits
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Solution Overview
Problem
In 5G new radio cellular networks with split RAN architecture, the throughput of high-speed serial cables connecting radio units and central units is limited, hindering data communication efficiency due to the need for efficient compression and quantization methods that adapt to varying bandwidth requirements.
Innovation Solution
Adaptive compression and quantization techniques are employed to optimize data transmission between radio units and central units, using different compression functions for data and reference signals, and varying the number of bits based on bandwidth and network architecture, ensuring efficient data transmission while maintaining signal integrity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If large communication bandwidth is used to achieve high data-rate requirements, then throughput is improved, but the throughput capacity of high-speed serial cables becomes a limiting factor
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts only the essential information from radio signals by identifying and transmitting only changed elements (delta information) rather than transmitting complete signal data. This is achieved through techniques like identifying changed resource blocks, extracting channel state information changes, and transmitting only differential data, thereby reducing the quantity of data that must be transmitted through limited-capacity serial cables.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the parameter of data representation by transforming complete radio signal data into compressed differential form. This involves parameter transformations such as converting absolute channel state information to differential changes, transforming resource allocation data to indicate only changes from previous allocations, and adjusting quantization levels dynamically to match actual signal variations.
2Productivity
If compression and quantization are applied to increase throughput, then data transmission efficiency is improved, but signal integrity may be compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs dynamic compression and quantization techniques that adapt to varying signal conditions. Compression levels, quantization precision, and transformation methods are adjusted in real-time based on signal characteristics, channel conditions, and traffic patterns. This dynamic adaptation ensures that signal integrity is maintained when compression is applied, while maximizing throughput when conditions permit aggressive compression.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements feedback mechanisms where the receiving end (central unit) sends acknowledgments and quality metrics back to the transmitting end (radio unit). This feedback loop enables real-time adjustment of compression parameters to maintain signal integrity thresholds while optimizing throughput. The system monitors reconstruction quality and adjusts compression aggressiveness accordingly.
Data Source
AI summary
The described technology is generally directed towards selecting a compression and/or quantization function for communicating data to and from an analog front end of a radio unit of a base station coupled to a digital baseband processor of a central unit of the base station. The compression function and/or quantization function can be adaptively and/or otherwise selected based on various criteria, such as the amount of data being transmitted, whether the data corresponds to reference signals or other data, the network architecture (e.g., digital beamforming or hybrid beamforming) in use, and so on.