Adaptive SAR A/D Conversion for Low-Power Implantable Monitoring

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Solution Overview

Problem

Implantable medical devices face challenges in reducing power consumption of analog-to-digital converters, which is crucial for device size reduction and battery longevity, as they require significant power for continuous signal monitoring.

Innovation Solution

The implementation of an adaptive successive approximation register (ASAR) in A/D converters that adjusts the number of bits used for conversion based on previous results, allowing for reduced power consumption by using fewer bits during periods where signals remain within a smaller range.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If a full-bit A/D converter is used to maintain high measurement precision, then signal conversion accuracy is improved, but power consumption increases significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesignal conversion accuracyVSAvoidpower consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies dynamics by making the number of bits in the A/D converter adaptive rather than fixed. The converter dynamically adjusts its resolution based on the actual signal characteristics being measured. When signals exhibit low variability, the converter uses fewer bits to reduce power consumption, while maintaining full precision when signals require higher accuracy, thus resolving the contradiction between measurement precision and power consumption.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the parameter of bit resolution from a static full-bit configuration to a variable parameter that adapts to signal conditions. By modifying the number of bits used in conversion based on measured signal characteristics, the system achieves both low power consumption during stable conditions and high precision when needed, directly addressing the contradiction between these two requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Use of energy by moving object

If the number of bits is reduced to lower power consumption, then energy usage decreases, but measurement precision deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower consumptionVSAvoidsignal conversion accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The system dynamically changes the bit resolution parameter based on signal characteristics. When signals are stable and require less precision, fewer bits are used to reduce power consumption. When precision requirements increase, the system automatically adjusts to use more bits, thus maintaining measurement accuracy while optimizing energy usage across different operating conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The A/D converter transitions from a static full-bit mode to a dynamic adaptive mode where the number of bits changes in response to signal variability. This dynamic adjustment allows the system to consume less power during periods of low signal change while preserving the capability to maintain high precision when signal accuracy becomes critical.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Measurement precision

If full-bit conversion is performed continuously, then signal accuracy is maintained, but conversion cycle time increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesignal conversion accuracyVSAvoidconversion cycle time
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements dynamic adaptation of the conversion process by adjusting the number of bits based on signal characteristics. When signals are stable, the converter uses fewer bits and completes conversions more quickly, reducing the conversion cycle time. When signal variability increases, the system dynamically increases precision, thus balancing conversion speed and accuracy based on actual needs.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes the conversion parameter (number of bits) from a constant full-bit value to a variable value that adapts to signal conditions. This parameter change enables faster conversion cycles during stable periods while maintaining the option to use full precision when signal accuracy becomes critical, thereby reducing overall conversion time without permanently sacrificing measurement precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentEP3044880B1Ultra low power interface using adaptive successive approximation register
Publication Date: 2022.10.26 MEDTRONIC INC
  • EP3044880B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3044880B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3044880B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A medical device configured to convert an analog signal using an adaptable bit number. The medical device includes an analog-to-digital (A/D) converter for receiving an analog signal. The A/D converter has a full scale range and a total number of bits spanning the full scale range. The A/D converter converts the analog signal to a digital signal over conversion cycles using an adaptable bit number so that on at least a portion of the conversion cycles an adapted number of bits spanning a portion of the full scale range less than the total number of bits is used by the A/D converter to convert the analog signal.