Adaptive Receiver Deghosting for Seismic Streamers
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current marine seismic surveys face challenges in accurately mapping subsurfaces under water bodies due to the 'receiver ghost' effect, which causes distortions and inaccuracies in seismic data, especially with dynamic sea surfaces and uncertain receiver locations, requiring robust and efficient deghosting methods that can handle sparse data and uncertainties.
Innovation Solution
An adaptive receiver deghosting system that uses constrained inversion and a transformation domain to reconstruct a dense upgoing wavefield, accounting for uncertainties through tunable parameters and time-shift matrices, allowing for accurate deghosting without dense data acquisition or precise water surface and receiver location information.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If traditional deghosting methods are used, then processing is simpler, but accuracy deteriorates due to receiver ghost effects and uncertainties
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the seismic wavefield into upgoing and downgoing components, allowing separate processing of primary reflections and ghost reflections. This segmentation enables targeted deghosting operations on specific wavefield components while maintaining overall data accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediary deghosting operator that acts between the raw seismic data and the final processed output. This operator systematically removes receiver ghost effects through mathematical operations in the frequency-wavenumber domain, improving accuracy without requiring complex physical measurements.
2Measurement precision
If dense data acquisition is used, then deghosting accuracy improves, but financial costs increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces physical dense data acquisition with a mathematical processing system. Instead of deploying denser receiver arrays to improve deghosting, the invention uses computational methods in the frequency-wavenumber domain to achieve the same accuracy improvement, thereby reducing financial costs.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transforms the seismic data from the time-space domain to the frequency-wavenumber domain, changing the parameter representation. This transformation enables effective deghosting operations using standard acquisition densities, eliminating the need for expensive dense data acquisition while maintaining high accuracy.
3Measurement precision
If precise water surface and receiver location information is required, then deghosting accuracy improves, but ease of operation deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent makes the deghosting system self-service by using readily available operational parameters (water velocity, receiver locations, water surface profile) without requiring precise external measurements. The method automatically compensates for receiver ghost effects using standard acquisition information, eliminating the need for additional complex measurements or operations.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses approximate or standard values for water surface and receiver location parameters instead of requiring precise measurements. These parameters can be obtained from routine survey operations without additional expensive equipment or complex procedures, maintaining accuracy while simplifying operations.
4Quantity of substance
If sparse data is used, then acquisition cost decreases, but measurement precision deteriorates due to aliasing and uncertainties
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces physical data densification with mathematical processing in the frequency-wavenumber domain. By operating in this transformed domain, the method effectively handles sparse data without aliasing issues, maintaining measurement precision while using standard acquisition densities that reduce costs.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transforms sparse seismic data from the time-space domain to the frequency-wavenumber domain, where deghosting operations can be performed effectively. This parameter transformation allows the system to work with sparse data without suffering from aliasing, maintaining data quality while reducing acquisition costs.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system effectively minimizes data mismatch and enhances the accuracy of seismic data processing, reducing financial costs and improving the reliability of subsurface productivity determination by compensating for uncertainties and handling sparse data acquisition.
Implementation Method 1
A receiver deghosting model is generated by backward and forward propagating the seismic wavefield at the water surface to streamer locations
Data Source
AI summary
Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for generating receiver deghosted output according to a receiver deghosting model. In one aspect, a method includes receiving an offshore seismic dataset of a surveyed subsurface that includes a seismic wavefield and is collected by receivers that comprise a streamer that is deployed relative to a water surface; determining an initial plane value for the water surface reflectivity and an initial location value for a position of the streamer; generating a receiver deghosting model by backward and forward propagating the seismic wavefield at the water surface to streamer locations, the receiver deghosting model including tuning parameters; adjusting the tuning parameters according to an adaptive target residue and an inversion target residue; generating receiver deghosted output according to the tuned receiver deghosting model; and determining a productivity of the surveyed subsurface based on the receiver deghosted output.