CPAP Adaptive Servo-Ventilation for Synchronized Backup Breaths
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing respiratory pressure therapy (RPT) devices for treating respiratory disorders suffer from shortcomings in comfort, cost, efficacy, ease of use, size, weight, manufacturability, and reliability, particularly in managing conditions like Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Cheyne-Stokes Respiration, Obesity Hyperventilation Syndrome, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Neuromuscular Disease, and Chest Wall disorders.
Innovation Solution
The development of an adaptive servo-ventilator that supports patient respiration by delivering backup breaths synchronized with spontaneous efforts, adjusting backup rates, and manipulating lung functional residual capacity to treat respiratory disorders, including CPAP therapy devices that induce central apneas and anti-ventilate when necessary.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If existing RPT devices are used to treat respiratory disorders, then basic ventilation support is provided, but comfort, efficacy, and reliability are insufficient due to inability to adapt to patient respiratory patterns
Solution Approach 1:
The ventilator dynamically adjusts backup breath rate and ventilation parameters in real-time based on detected patient respiratory patterns and spontaneous efforts, transitioning from static pre-set parameters to adaptive dynamic control that responds to changing patient needs
Solution Approach 2:
The system continuously monitors patient respiratory effort and provides feedback control by detecting spontaneous breaths and adjusting backup breath delivery accordingly, creating a closed-loop system that improves treatment efficacy through real-time adaptation
2Reliability
If backup breath rate is kept constant, then device operation is simple, but treatment efficacy decreases when patient respiratory patterns change
Solution Approach 1:
The ventilator autonomously detects patient spontaneous respiratory efforts and self-adjusts backup breath rate without requiring manual intervention or complex external control systems, achieving adaptive control through self-monitoring and automatic parameter modification
Solution Approach 2:
The system automatically modifies operational parameters (backup breath rate, timing) based on detected respiratory patterns, using parameter adaptation to improve efficacy while maintaining simple device architecture through software-based control
3Reliability
If ventilator delivers frequent backup breaths, then ventilation support is adequate, but patient comfort decreases due to lack of synchronization with spontaneous efforts
Solution Approach 1:
The timing and delivery of backup breaths are dynamically synchronized with detected spontaneous patient respiratory efforts, creating adaptive timing that improves patient comfort by reducing conflict between machine-delivered and patient-initiated breaths
Solution Approach 2:
The system detects spontaneous breaths in advance and prevents delivery of conflicting backup breaths during the inspiratory phase of spontaneous efforts, thereby avoiding patient discomfort caused by opposing pressure actions
Data Source
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AI summary
The present invention relates to a apparatus for treating a respiratory disorder in a patient, the apparatus comprising a CPAP therapy device that is configured to compute a treatment pressure of a supply of air to an airway of a patient so as to bring a measure indicative of ventilation of the patient towards a target ventilation that is dependent on the measure indicative of ventilation.