Adaptive Video Coding Unit Segmentation for Compression Efficiency
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional video codecs face inefficiencies in encoding and decoding high-resolution or high-quality video content, particularly due to the fixed size of macroblocks, which leads to increased macroblocks per picture and decreased data compression efficiency.
Innovation Solution
The proposed method involves producing a new predicted block by post-processing the original predicted block using neighboring pixels, and encoding the difference between the current and the new predicted block, allowing for adaptive coding unit sizes based on image characteristics.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If video is encoded using fixed-size macroblocks, then encoding structure is simple, but compression efficiency decreases for high-resolution video
Solution Approach 1:
The video picture is divided into multiple coding units of different sizes (e.g., 64×64, 32×32, 16×16 pixels) rather than using fixed-size macroblocks. This segmentation allows the encoder to adaptively select the appropriate coding unit size for different regions of the video, improving compression efficiency while maintaining manageable encoding complexity through a hierarchical structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The coding unit size is made dynamic and adaptive rather than fixed. The encoder can vary the size of coding units across different regions of the video picture based on local characteristics, allowing larger units in smooth regions and smaller units in complex regions, thereby optimizing compression efficiency for high-resolution video.
2Quantity of substance
If coding unit size is increased, then number of coding units decreases, but prediction accuracy may worsen
Solution Approach 1:
Different regions of the video picture are assigned different coding unit sizes based on their local characteristics. Smooth regions use larger coding units to reduce the number of units and improve efficiency, while complex regions use smaller coding units to maintain prediction accuracy. This local adaptation resolves the contradiction between reducing quantity and maintaining precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The coding unit size dynamically adapts to local picture characteristics through rate-distortion optimization. The encoder evaluates multiple candidate coding unit sizes for each region and selects the size that provides the optimal balance between the number of coding units and prediction accuracy, allowing the system to flexibly respond to varying content complexity.
3Productivity
If post-processing is applied to predicted blocks, then compression efficiency improves, but processing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies post-processing operations that modify parameters of the predicted blocks, such as adjusting pixel values based on neighboring blocks or applying gradient calculations. These parameter changes improve prediction accuracy and compression efficiency while maintaining relatively simple processing that can be efficiently implemented in hardware.
Data Source
AI summary
A video encoding method and apparatus and a video decoding method and apparatus. In the video encoding method, a first predicted coding unit of a current coding unit that is to be encoded is produced, a second predicted coding unit is produced by changing a value of each pixel of the first predicted coding unit by using each pixel of the first predicted coding unit and at least one neighboring pixel of each pixel, and the difference between the current coding unit and the second predicted coding unit is encoded, thereby improving video prediction efficiency.