Additive Manufacturing Parameter Space for Keyhole Porosity Validation

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Solution Overview

Problem

The iterative and trial-and-error process in additive manufacturing can require numerous iterations to achieve components with acceptable quality, especially in applications like aircraft components, which can take months or years, due to the complexity of parameters affecting flaws such as keyhole porosity and lack of fusion.

Innovation Solution

An apparatus and method that utilize a processor to categorize additive manufacturing operations based on normalized parameters like beam power, velocity, and powder bed thickness, defining a multi-dimensional space to validate sequences of operations as flaw-free, thereby reducing the need for physical prototyping and iterations.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If an iterative trial-and-error process is used to optimize additive manufacturing parameters, then manufacturing precision can be improved, but the time required increases substantially (months or years)

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecomponent qualityVSAvoiddevelopment time
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary classification of operations as flaw-free or flawed based on pre-established criteria and multidimensional spaces before actual manufacturing. By evaluating operations against predefined parameter ranges and flaw conditions in advance, the system eliminates the need for lengthy iterative testing while ensuring manufacturing precision is maintained.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Manufacturing precision

If numerous iterations are performed to achieve acceptable quality in low-tolerance components, then manufacturing precision improves, but productivity decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvequality levelVSAvoidparts per time
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The system creates virtual models and simulations of additive manufacturing operations to evaluate potential flaws before physical manufacturing. By using computational models that replicate the manufacturing process and predict outcomes, the system achieves high-quality results without requiring multiple physical iterations, thereby maintaining both precision and productivity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

3Reliability

If empirical prototyping is extensively used to validate operations, then reliability of the manufacturing process improves, but the cost and time increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprocess validationVSAvoidvalidation time
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The system replaces physical empirical prototyping with computational evaluation methods. By using software-based assessment of operations against predefined criteria and multidimensional parameter spaces, the system validates manufacturing processes reliably without the time and resource costs associated with extensive physical testing.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Data Source

PatentEP3232353B1System and process for evaluating and validating additive manufacturing operations
Publication Date: 2022.02.09 RTX CORP
  • EP3232353B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3232353B1 patent drawingFigure 3~5
  • EP3232353B1 patent drawingFigure 6~7

AI summary

A method of evaluating and validating additive manufacturing operations includes generating a multidimensional space (340; 440; 540) defined by a plurality of bounds (330; 430; 530, 550), each of the bounds (330; 430; 530, 550) being defined on a distinct parameter of an additive manufacturing process and each of the parameters affecting the occurrence of a keyhole porosity flaw (630), each of the parameters being a dimension in a multi-dimensional coordinate system, determining a coordinate position of at least one additive manufacturing operation within the multi-dimensional coordinate system, and categorizing the operation as free of keyhole porosity flaws (630) when the coordinate position is within the multi-dimensional space (340; 440; 540).