Additive Manufacturing Temperature Control via Pixelated Thermal Mapping

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing additive manufacturing systems face challenges in achieving precise temperature control and homogeneity over the printing area, leading to inconsistencies and inaccuracies in material phase changes due to reliance on single-point temperature sensing methods, which can result in suboptimal energy delivery and material selectivity.

Innovation Solution

The implementation of a temperature control subsystem that utilizes multiple thermal sensors and cameras to create a temperature map, combined with lookup tables to accurately determine the temperature of different agents on the printbed, allowing for dynamic and precise energy application to ensure stable and homogeneous temperature distribution across the printing area.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If single-point temperature sensing methods are used, then device complexity is reduced, but temperature control precision and homogeneity deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetemperature sensing system complexityVSAvoidtemperature measurement precision
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the printbed area into multiple pixel areas, with each pixel area monitored by dedicated thermal sensors. This segmentation allows independent temperature measurement and control for each region, achieving high spatial resolution temperature mapping without requiring a single complex sensor system.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent transitions from single-point temperature sensing to two-dimensional temperature mapping across the entire printbed. By implementing a grid of thermal sensors corresponding to multiple pixel areas, the system achieves comprehensive spatial coverage, enabling precise temperature control across the printing surface.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Measurement precision

If multiple thermal sensors and cameras are implemented, then temperature control precision improves, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetemperature measurement precisionVSAvoidtemperature control subsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The controller serves multiple functions: it processes temperature data from thermal sensors, retrieves concentration information from databases, performs image processing on thermal images, and controls heating subsystem power. This multi-functionality consolidates what would otherwise require separate systems into a single integrated controller, managing complexity while maintaining high measurement precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces lookup tables as an intermediary between raw sensor data and control decisions. The lookup tables store pre-calibrated relationships between thermal sensor readings, agent concentrations, and required heating powers, simplifying the control algorithm and reducing computational complexity while maintaining accuracy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Manufacturing precision

If dynamic power adjustment based on temperature mapping is implemented, then material phase change precision improves, but energy calculation complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvematerial phase change precisionVSAvoidenergy delivery control complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent pre-calculates and stores optimal heating parameters in lookup tables before the actual printing process. The lookup tables contain pre-determined relationships between temperature conditions, agent concentrations, and required heating powers. During printing, the system simply retrieves and applies these pre-calculated values, avoiding complex real-time calculations while maintaining high precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The system implements closed-loop feedback by continuously monitoring temperature in each pixel area, comparing it against target values, and dynamically adjusting heating power accordingly. The controller uses real-time temperature data and concentration information to modulate heating element power, ensuring precise material phase changes while compensating for thermal variations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enables precise control of the heating process, optimizing material phase changes and improving the consistency and quality of the printed parts by ensuring accurate temperature measurement and energy delivery to each pixel area, thereby enhancing the overall printing process.

Implementation Method 1

a heating subsystem employed in the given three-dimensional printing process

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule heating: Joule Heating

Implementation Method 2

obtain, from one or more temperature sensors, thermal imaging information... measuring temperatures of respective pixel areas in a plurality of pixel areas in a printbed area

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal radiation: Thermal Radiation

Implementation Method 3

ensure stable and homogeneous temperature distribution across the printing area

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Data Source

PatentEP3271143B1Additive manufacturing system comprising a controller configured to obtain temperature information and concentration information to determine power to apply to heating subsystem
Publication Date: 2020.01.01 HEWLETT PACKARD DEVELOPMENT COMPANY LP
  • EP3271143B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3271143B1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP3271143B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

A method of controlling a heating sub-system in an additive manufacturing system. The method comprising receiving thermal imaging information from a temperature sensing subsystem, receiving additive manufacturing media concentration information from an additive manufacturing media concentration information database, on the basis of the received thermal imaging information and additive manufacturing media concentration information, for each pixel area in the plurality of pixel areas, determining the temperature for each additive manufacturing media agent in the plurality of additive manufacturing media agents which is present in the respective pixel area, and on the basis of the determined temperatures for each pixel area and additive manufacturing media agent, controlling the power to a heating subsystem employed in the given additive manufacturing process.