Bimodal Resonant Power Transfer With Adjustable CPT-IPT Ratio
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current wireless power transfer systems face inefficiencies due to reliance on close coil alignment and large compensation networks, which increase costs and weight, particularly in automotive and consumer applications, and are limited by high voltages and material compatibility issues.
Innovation Solution
A bimodal near-field resonant wireless electrical power transfer system that simultaneously performs capacitive and inductive power transfer with an adjustable transfer mode ratio, using a transmitter subsystem with a power signal tuner module to adjust the phase difference between current and voltage, and a receiver subsystem to receive power at a resonant frequency, allowing for flexible alignment and reduced component usage.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If resonant inductive coupling is used to increase efficiency at greater distances, then power transfer efficiency is improved, but the system requires precise alignment and close spacing between transmitter and receiver coils
Solution Approach 1:
The system divides power transfer into two independent modalities: capacitive power transfer (CPT) and inductive power transfer (IPT). Each modality can operate independently or simultaneously, allowing the system to segment the power transfer function to address different operational requirements and reduce reliance on precise alignment for any single mode.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically adjusts operating parameters including the transfer mode ratio between CPT and IPT, operating frequency, and coupling configuration. By changing these parameters, the system can optimize performance for different distances and alignment conditions, transitioning between modes as needed to maintain efficiency without strict alignment requirements.
2Power
If large capacitors and inductors are used in compensation networks to achieve minimal separation, then power transfer capability is improved, but system cost and weight increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system merges CPT and IPT modalities into a unified power transfer platform, where the same transmitter and receiver structures support both capacitive and inductive coupling. This consolidation eliminates the need for separate compensation networks for each modality, reducing overall component count, weight, and cost while maintaining power transfer capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The transmitter and receiver structures are designed to perform multiple functions: they can operate in CPT mode, IPT mode, or a combination of both. This multi-functionality allows the system to achieve power transfer capability without requiring dedicated large compensation components for each mode, thereby reducing weight and cost.
3Length of stationary object
If high voltages are applied to transmitting plates in capacitive power transfer, then power transfer range is extended, but field emission to the surrounding area increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically adjusts the transfer mode ratio between CPT and IPT based on operating conditions, distance, and safety requirements. When field emission becomes problematic at high voltages, the system can dynamically shift toward IPT mode or adjust the CPT operating parameters to reduce voltage stress on the transmitting plates, thereby controlling field emission while maintaining power transfer capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses resonant coupling and impedance matching networks as intermediaries to transfer power efficiently without requiring excessively high voltages. By optimizing the coupling mechanism and using resonant frequency operation, the system can achieve extended power transfer range with reduced voltage levels, thereby minimizing field emission to safe levels.
4Loss of energy
If ferrite plates are used for shielding and improved inductive coupling, then power transfer efficiency is improved, but system cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system employs standard, readily available conducting materials for the transmitter and receiver structures rather than requiring expensive specialized ferrite plates. By using common materials and leveraging the bimodal operation (CPT and IPT), the system achieves efficient power transfer without the added cost of ferrite components, making the technology more economically viable for widespread deployment.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This system enhances power transfer efficiency, reduces component costs and weight, and improves flexibility in alignment requirements, addressing the limitations of existing systems by enabling efficient power transfer across varying distances and alignments.
Implementation Method 1
capacitive power transfer... Two plates are used as a power transmitter, and the other two plates act as a power receiver, resulting in at least two coupling capacitors to provide a power flow loop
Implementation Method 2
inductive power transfer... An alternating current (AC) is driven through a transmitter coil to create an oscillating magnetic field. The magnetic field passes through a receiving coil where it induces an alternating current in the receiving coil
Implementation Method 3
Resonant inductive coupling may increase efficiency in IPT by using resonant circuits... The two circuits are tuned to resonate at the same resonant frequency
Data Source
AI summary
Provided herein are systems and methods for transferring power.