Adjustable Interference Filter for Gas Detection

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Existing interference filters for gas detection with infrared light are costly and inefficient for mass-produced CO sensors due to mechanical complexity and energy consumption in achieving correlation and anti-correlation modes, and they struggle with maintaining stability and light throughput.

Innovation Solution

An adjustable interference filter using two silicon discs with an adjustable cavity, allowing for electrostatic or piezoelectric control of the optical path length, enabling fast switching between correlation and anti-correlation modes with high refractive index materials like silicon or Germanium, and incorporating anti-reflection layers for minimal reflection and improved light throughput.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If a mechanical interferometer is used to achieve correlation and anti-correlation modes, then the filter can be adjusted between modes, but the device becomes costly and mechanically complex

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveadjustability between correlation and anti-correlation modesVSAvoidmechanical complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical interferometer system with an electrostatic or piezoelectrically controlled Fabry-Perot filter. The mechanical adjustment mechanism is substituted with electrical control of the cavity thickness, eliminating complex mechanical parts while maintaining the ability to switch between correlation and anti-correlation modes.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the physical parameter used for adjustment from mechanical displacement to electrical field control. By applying voltage to electrostatic actuators or piezoelectric materials, the cavity thickness is precisely controlled, enabling mode switching without mechanical complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Adaptability or versatility

If thermal modulation is used to change optical wavelength, then the filter can be adjusted, but the response time becomes slow and energy consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveadjustability of optical wavelengthVSAvoidresponse time
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSSpeed

Solution Approach 1:

The patent substitutes thermal modulation with electrostatic or piezoelectric control. Instead of heating silicon discs to change their optical properties, electrical fields or piezoelectric effects are used to adjust the cavity thickness, achieving rapid response times and low energy consumption.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the physical mechanism from thermal expansion to electrostatic/piezoelectric deformation. This parameter change enables fast switching between modes by applying voltage rather than heat, dramatically improving response time.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Ease of manufacture

If a low refractive index material like air is used in the resonator, then the filter structure is simple, but the light throughput is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesimplicity of filter structureVSAvoidlight throughput
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses composite material structures including high refractive index materials (silicon, germanium) for the resonator walls and electrostatic/piezoelectric materials for actuation. This combination achieves both high light throughput through the high refractive index and precise control through the electrostatic/piezoelectric elements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the refractive index parameter of the resonator material from low (air) to high (silicon, germanium). This parameter change increases the etendue and light throughput by a factor of up to 10, while the electrostatic/piezoelectric control maintains structural precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

4Ease of manufacture

If the cavity thickness is fixed, then the filter is simple to manufacture, but it cannot switch between correlation and anti-correlation modes

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesimplicity of manufacturingVSAvoidability to switch modes
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent transforms the static fixed cavity into a dynamic adjustable cavity. By incorporating electrostatic or piezoelectric actuators, the cavity thickness can be dynamically changed to switch between correlation and anti-correlation modes, maintaining manufacturing simplicity while adding adaptability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent makes the cavity thickness parameter variable rather than fixed. Electrical control enables precise adjustment of this parameter to achieve different operational modes without complicating the overall manufacturing process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides a cost-effective, efficient, and stable interference filter that allows for flexible operation in both correlation and anti-correlation modes, enhancing light transmission and reducing the impact of environmental disturbances, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of gas concentration measurements.

Implementation Method 1

The cavity thickness may be adjusted by means of an electrostatic or piezoelectric actuator

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrostatic effect: Electrostatics

Implementation Method 2

The cavity thickness may be adjusted by means of an electrostatic or piezoelectric actuator

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPiezoelectric effect: Piezoelectric Effect

Implementation Method 3

An adjustable interference filter with two parallel silicon surfaces with a distance d between the surfaces

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOptical interference: Interference

Implementation Method 4

incorporating anti-reflection layers for minimal reflection and improved light throughput

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAnti-reflection coating: Anti-Reflective Coating

Data Source

PatentEP1875206B1Adjustable interference filter
Publication Date: 2010.10.20 SINVENT AS
  • EP1875206B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP1875206B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3D
  • EP1875206B1 patent drawingFigure 4A~4B

AI summary

The present invention relates to an adjustable interference filter, especially for use in gas detection with infrared light within a chosen range, comprising at least two essentially parallel reflective surfaces separated by a chosen distance defining a cavity delimited by the reflective surfaces between which the light may oscillate, and at least one of said surfaces being semitransparent for transmission of light to or from the cavity. The filter comprises a transparent material with a chosen thickness and having a high refractive index positioned in the cavity, and adjustable separation means for adjusting the cavity length between the reflecting surfaces, so as to obtain a cavity constituted by the transparent, high refractive index material and a an adjustable part.