Aperture-Adjustable Mixed-Flow Nozzle for Dust Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing jet spray nozzles in coal mines suffer from poor atomization effects, especially under low-pressure conditions, leading to inefficient dust removal. Additionally, nozzles are prone to clogging, requiring frequent replacements and making it difficult to adjust the spray field conditions.
Innovation Solution
An aperture-adjustable mixed-flow nozzle is developed, featuring a cylindrical shell with separate airflow and mixed-flow chambers. The nozzle includes an adjusting shaft that can be extended or retracted to regulate the flow rate of the gas-liquid mixture, preventing blockages and allowing adjustments to the spray field conditions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Area of stationary object
If existing nozzles are used under low-pressure conditions, then the spray coverage area is larger, but the atomization effect deteriorates with larger droplet particle size and low fragmentation
Solution Approach 1:
The nozzle internal structure is segmented into multiple flow channels and mixing zones. The gas-liquid mixture is divided into separate streams that mix progressively, creating multiple atomization stages. This segmentation allows the spray to maintain large coverage while achieving fine droplet fragmentation through progressive breakdown in each segment.
Solution Approach 2:
The nozzle employs dynamic flow control where gas and liquid flows interact in a controlled manner. The adjustable aperture mechanism dynamically changes the flow rates and mixing intensity, enabling optimization of atomization under varying pressure conditions while maintaining spray coverage.
2Productivity
If nozzles are used in dust-producing environments, then dust removal function is provided, but the nozzle is prone to clogging leading to decreased efficiency
Solution Approach 1:
The nozzle design incorporates self-cleaning features where the flow dynamics create high-velocity jets that prevent material accumulation. The mixed-flow mechanism generates turbulent flow patterns that continuously scour the internal passages, enabling the nozzle to self-clean and resist clogging in dust-producing environments.
Solution Approach 2:
The adjustable aperture mechanism allows changing flow parameters (flow rate, velocity, pressure) to optimize performance. By adjusting these parameters, the nozzle can operate at conditions that minimize clogging risk while maintaining dust removal efficiency, adapting to different environmental conditions.
3Reliability
If nozzle replacement is performed to solve clogging problems, then the clogging issue is resolved, but replacement costs increase
Solution Approach 1:
The adjustable aperture mechanism allows extending the service life of nozzles by changing operating parameters. When performance degrades, the aperture can be adjusted to restore efficiency, effectively recovering the nozzle's functionality and delaying replacement, thus reducing material loss and costs.
4Device complexity
If fixed aperture nozzles are used, then the structure is simpler, but the spray field condition cannot be adjusted during use
Solution Approach 1:
The nozzle incorporates a movable aperture mechanism that allows dynamic adjustment of the opening size. This dynamic element enables change in spray field conditions (flow rate, pressure, atomization intensity) while maintaining a relatively simple overall structure through straightforward mechanical adjustment components.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The nozzle enhances atomization effects through gas-liquid two-phase mixing and centrifugal rotation, improving dust removal efficiency while minimizing blockages and maintenance costs. The adjustable design allows for optimal performance in complex dust-producing environments.
Implementation Method 1
The gas path is disposed inside the adjusting shaft and the swirling flow path is disposed around an outer periphery of the adjusting shaft
Implementation Method 2
enhances atomization effects through gas-liquid two-phase mixing and centrifugal rotation
Implementation Method 3
utilizes the extension and retraction of the adjusting shaft to regulate the flow rate of the gas-liquid mixture
Implementation Method 4
The atomization effect of nozzles is a crucial factor influencing dust reduction efficiency
Implementation Method 5
An aperture-adjustable mixed-flow nozzle... jet spray droplets and dust collision and aggregation
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed are an aperture-adjustable mixed-flow nozzle and its atomization method. The nozzle includes a cylindrical shell with an airflow chamber and a mixed-flow chamber. The airflow chamber is connected to an air inlet, and the mixed-flow chamber is connected to a liquid inlet. An nozzle is provided at the bottom wall of the mixed-flow chamber on the cylindrical shell. The cylindrical shell allows airflow from the airflow chamber to enter the mixed-flow chamber through an adjusting shaft. A swirling flow path is disposed around the outer periphery of the adjusting shaft, and a gas path for connecting the airflow chamber and the mixed-flow chamber is disposed inside the adjusting shaft. By adjusting the nozzle aperture size, not only is the problem of nozzle blockage resolved, but it also allows for control of atomization effects and spray field conditions, making it more effective for complex dust-producing environments on-site.