Adjustable Piston for Mechanical CPR with Variable Length
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Solution Overview
Problem
Mechanical CPR devices lack adjustability to accommodate patients of varying sizes, leading to inconsistent compressions and potential injury due to fixed piston lengths, which cannot adapt to smaller or larger patients effectively.
Innovation Solution
An extendable piston mechanism with sensors and adjustable components, such as external piston spacers and internal bayonet sleeves, allows the mechanical CPR device to adjust its length and movement to fit patients of different sternum heights, ensuring proper compression and decompression strokes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a fixed-length piston is used in mechanical CPR devices, then the device structure is simple, but the device cannot accommodate patients of varying sizes leading to inconsistent compressions
Solution Approach 1:
The piston is divided into multiple segments including a first piston segment, a second piston segment, and an extendable piston segment. These segments can be selectively assembled to create different piston lengths, allowing the device to accommodate patients of varying sizes while maintaining a relatively simple overall structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The extendable piston segment is configured to be received within the first piston segment, creating a telescopic arrangement. This nesting allows the piston to extend or retract as needed, providing length adjustability without requiring completely separate piston components, thus balancing adaptability with structural simplicity.
2Adaptability or versatility
If the piston length is extended to reach smaller patients' sternums, then the suction cup can engage smaller sternums, but the compression stroke depth becomes excessive for average-sized patients
Solution Approach 1:
The piston length is made dynamic rather than fixed. The extendable piston segment can be selectively deployed or retracted based on patient size, allowing the piston length to adapt to different sternum heights. This dynamic adjustment ensures that the compression depth remains appropriate regardless of whether the patient is small or average-sized.
Solution Approach 2:
The physical parameter of piston length is changed based on patient characteristics. By selectively extending or retracting the piston segment, the system modifies the piston length parameter to match the patient's sternum height, thereby maintaining precise control over compression depth across different patient populations.
3Adaptability or versatility
If the piston is retracted fully for small patients, then the suction cup contacts the sternum, but the decompression stroke becomes excessive causing potential injury
Solution Approach 1:
The piston position is made dynamic and adjustable. The extendable piston segment allows the system to optimize both the compression and decompression phases of the CPR cycle. By adjusting the piston length, the system ensures that neither the compression depth nor the decompression distance becomes excessive, thereby preventing injury while maintaining effective CPR.
Solution Approach 2:
The system incorporates sensors that detect patient characteristics and provide feedback to the controller. Based on this feedback, the controller selectively extends or retracts the piston segment to achieve the optimal piston length, ensuring safe and effective compressions and decompressions tailored to each patient's anatomy.
Data Source
AI summary
Techniques and devices for extending a piston, for example connected to a medical device such as a mechanical CPR device, to accommodate different sized patients, are described herein. In some cases, a piston of a mechanical CPR device may include an inner piston at least partially slidable into an external piston sleeve. In one aspect, an external piston spacer may be attached to an outward surface of the inner piston to extend the length of the piston. In another aspect an internal bayonet sleeve may contact one or more locking rods at various positions, enabling adjustment of the length of the inner piston. In yet another aspect, a piston adapter may be removably attached to the end of the piston. In all aspects, the change in length of the piston may be detected and used to modify movement of the piston, for example to more safely perform mechanical CPR.