Adjustable Row Unit Lateral Positioning for Crop Targeting

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing agricultural sprayers struggle to accurately target crop inputs when plants deviate from ideal row spacing due to human error or machine inaccuracies, leading to reduced crop yields and increased chemical application, which affects profit margins and environmental impact.

Innovation Solution

An agricultural vehicle with adjustable row units, featuring a movable upper carriage and lower carriage system that allows for simultaneous lateral adjustment of nozzles relative to a horizontal beam, utilizing satellite navigation and imaging data for precise positioning and alignment with plant rows.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If fixed row units are used on a sprayer, then the structure is simple and stable, but the sprayer cannot accurately target plants when row spacing deviates from ideal dimensions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetargeting accuracyVSAvoidrow unit structure
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The row unit incorporates movable carriages that can laterally adjust their position along the sprayer boom. The upper carriage moves relative to the beam via rollers and gear mechanisms, while the lower carriage follows correspondingly, enabling dynamic repositioning to track actual plant row locations rather than being fixed at predetermined positions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The row unit is divided into separable components including the upper carriage, lower carriage, vertical supports, and adjustment mechanisms. This segmentation allows independent adjustment of each component's position, particularly the lateral displacement of carriages along the beam to accommodate varying row spacing conditions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Measurement precision

If manual lateral adjustment of row units is used, then the structure is simple, but the adjustment speed and precision are insufficient for maintaining accurate plant targeting

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelateral positioning accuracyVSAvoidadjustment mechanism
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSExtent of automation

Solution Approach 1:

Manual mechanical adjustment is replaced with an automated gear-based mechanism. A motorized winch or gear system winds cables or chains to laterally move the upper carriage along the beam, providing precise and rapid positioning control without operator intervention. The gear ratio and cable tensioning mechanisms enable fine-tuned lateral displacement adjustments

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The row unit's adjustment mechanism automatically responds to guidance system signals or pre-programmed row spacing data, enabling self-adjustment of carriage positions. The system self-regulates the lateral movement of carriages along the beam to maintain optimal targeting accuracy without requiring continuous manual intervention

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Manufacturing precision

If row units cannot laterally adjust, then the device complexity is low, but crop input application accuracy decreases leading to over-application

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecrop input application accuracyVSAvoidadjustable row unit structure
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The row unit incorporates movable carriages that can laterally adjust their position along the sprayer boom. The upper carriage moves relative to the beam via rollers and gear mechanisms, while the lower carriage follows correspondingly, enabling dynamic repositioning to track actual plant row locations rather than being fixed at predetermined positions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The lateral position parameter of the row units is made variable through the adjustable carriage system. By changing the lateral displacement parameter of the upper and lower carriages along the beam, the system adapts to different actual row spacing conditions, ensuring precise crop input application matching the actual plant locations

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables precise application of crop inputs regardless of plant row deviations, improving yield potential, reducing chemical overuse, and minimizing environmental impact by ensuring targeted and efficient distribution of treatments.

Implementation Method 1

The row unit further comprises a lower carriage that is connected to the lower end of the vertical supports, such that the upper carriage determines a lateral position of the lower carriage with respect to the beam. The upper carriage comprises a frame; a set of rollers that are rotatable with respect to the frame and that ride against a surface of the beam; an upper motor mounted to the frame, the upper motor having a shaft that terminates in a pinion gear; and a rack gear on the beam, where the pinon gear engages to the rack gear to support simultaneous lateral adjustment of the upper carriage and the lower carriage.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGear mechanism: Gear

Data Source

PatentEP3366131B1Adjustable row unit and agricultural vehicle with adjustable row unit
Publication Date: 2021.06.02 DEERE & CO
  • EP3366131B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3366131B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3366131B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

In accordance with one embodiment, a row unit for an agricultural vehicle comprises an upper carriage that is movable or slidable with respect to a generally horizontal beam of the vehicle. The row unit has vertical supports, where each vertical support has an upper end connected to the upper carriage and a lower end opposite the upper end. The row unit further comprises a lower carriage that is connected to the lower end of the vertical supports, such that the upper carriage determines a lateral position of the lower carriage with respect to the beam.