Adjustable Spray Nozzle for Deaerator Pressure Loss Reduction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional spray nozzles in deaerators experience increased pressure loss as the size of the deaerator increases, which affects the efficiency of steam condensate processing in nuclear power generation plants.
Innovation Solution
A spray nozzle design featuring an external cylinder with multiple jetting outlets, an inner cylinder with communication holes, and an open-close valve system that allows for adjustable jet flow amounts by controlling communication between outlets and holes, reducing pressure loss and enhancing performance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If the size of the deaerator increases to process larger steam flow amounts, then the steam condensate processing capacity increases, but the pressure loss in the spray nozzle increases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The spray nozzle is divided into multiple independent jetting outlets (first through fourth outlets) arranged around the external cylinder. Each outlet can be independently controlled by separate communication holes in the inner cylinder, allowing the total flow capacity to be segmented across multiple smaller openings rather than one large opening, thereby reducing pressure loss while maintaining high productivity
Solution Approach 2:
The inner cylinder is made movable axially to dynamically adjust which communication holes are open or closed. This allows the spray nozzle to adapt its jetting configuration based on flow requirements, optimizing pressure loss characteristics across different operating conditions while maintaining high processing capacity
2Productivity
If multiple jetting outlets are provided to increase flow capacity, then the jet flow amount increases, but the structural complexity of the spray nozzle increases
Solution Approach 1:
The movable inner cylinder serves multiple functions simultaneously: it acts as a structural support for the communication holes, provides axial movement control for all outlets, and functions as a flow distribution mechanism. This multi-functionality reduces overall device complexity despite the presence of multiple jetting outlets
Solution Approach 2:
The inner cylinder is nested within the external cylinder, with the communication holes positioned to align with the jetting outlets when needed. This nested configuration allows compact arrangement of multiple outlets and control mechanisms without significantly increasing external dimensions or structural complexity
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The adjustable jet flow system prevents pressure loss increases, enhancing the deaerator's performance by allowing for increased steam condensate flow without pressure loss, improving deaeration efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
steam condensate is jetted from the side of the external cylinder... increase a jet flow amount... preventing an increase in pressure loss
Implementation Method 2
oxygen in the steam condensate is transferred to the heated steam... Deaeration is, thus, performed
Data Source
AI summary
A spray nozzle and a deaerator each include an external cylinder provided with a plurality of jetting outlets on an outer circumference portion thereof, an inner cylinder that is supported inside the external cylinder so as to be movable in an axial center direction and is provided with a plurality of first communication holes capable of communicating with the jetting outlets, and an open-close valve that includes a shaft coupled to the inner cylinder and a valve body provided at a distal end portion of the shaft and capable of opening and closing a distal opening of the external cylinder. The spray nozzle and the deaerator thus structured provide improved performance by preventing an increase in pressure loss occurring regardless of a jet flow amount.