Adjustable Write Policies for Branch Prediction Logic

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing microprocessor branch prediction technologies, such as hardware implementations of TAGE predictors, face challenges in flexibility and efficiency due to costly changes after tape-out, limiting the implementation of performance-enhancing write policies.

Innovation Solution

An adjustable branch prediction system with programmable control logic allows for microcode-driven selection of write policies for prediction tables, enabling tailored allocation schemes for hardware and application-specific optimizations even after chip tape-out.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If hardware implementations of TAGE predictors are used, then branch prediction accuracy is improved, but flexibility and adaptability deteriorate due to costly changes after tape-out

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebranch prediction accuracyVSAvoidflexibility of write policies
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements dynamic configurability of write policies through control logic that can be programmed after tape-out. The system allows different write policies (e.g., allocating misprediction information to different tables or sides) to be selected and changed during operation, transforming a static hardware implementation into a dynamically adaptable system that maintains high prediction accuracy while gaining flexibility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the parameter of write policy configuration from fixed at manufacturing to variable post-tape-out. By introducing control logic that responds to configuration signals, the system enables parameter changes in how misprediction information is allocated and written to prediction tables, allowing optimization for different applications and workloads without requiring physical hardware changes.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Ease of manufacture

If fixed write policies are implemented in hardware, then manufacturing complexity is reduced, but performance optimization capability deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvehardware implementation simplicityVSAvoidmicroprocessor efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the branch prediction system into distinct components: prediction tables, control logic, and configuration interfaces. This segmentation allows the core prediction mechanism to remain simple and manufacturable while the control logic provides programmable flexibility. The separation enables independent optimization of manufacturing simplicity and performance capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces control logic as an intermediary between the hardware prediction mechanism and the configuration interface. This intermediary layer translates high-level policy selections into specific hardware operations, allowing performance optimization through software-controlled parameters without complicating the fundamental hardware manufacturing process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Data Source

PatentUS11275686B1Adjustable write policies controlled by feature control registers
Publication Date: 2022.03.15 CENTAUR TECHNOLOGY INC
  • US11275686B1 patent drawing
  • US11275686B1 patent drawing
  • US11275686B1 patent drawing

AI summary

In one embodiment, a microprocessor, comprising: prediction logic comprising a branch predictor comprising a group of multi-set associative tables, each of the tables corresponding to branch pattern histories of different lengths; and control logic configured to provide an adjustable write policy for the prediction logic.