Adoptive T Cell Therapy with Oncolytic Virus Microenvironment Conversion
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing cancer therapies, such as cell-based therapies and oncolytic viruses, have not shown significant clinical benefit in a high proportion of patients with diverse cancers due to the suppression of the immune response by cancer tissue, limiting their efficacy.
Innovation Solution
A cancer immunotherapy method involving vaccinating patients with their own malignancy and an immunologic adjuvant, isolating primed T lymphocytes, stimulating them in vitro, and administering an oncolytic virus to convert the cancer microenvironment from immunosuppressive to immunostimulatory, followed by infusion of effector T lymphocytes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If oncolytic virus is administered to kill cancer cells, then cancer cell destruction is improved, but immune suppression by cancer tissue limits the efficacy
Solution Approach 1:
The patent converts the harmful immunosuppressive microenvironment created by cancer cells into a beneficial immunostimulatory environment by introducing oncolytic viruses. The viruses infect and lyse cancer cells, releasing tumor antigens and danger signals that activate the immune system, thereby transforming the suppressive milieu into one that promotes anti-tumor immunity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs preliminary vaccination with tumor antigens before administering oncolytic viruses and adoptive T cell therapy. This preliminary action primes the immune system in advance, ensuring that when the oncolytic virus releases tumor antigens and when effector T cells are infused, the immune system is already primed and ready to mount a robust anti-tumor response
2Productivity
If adoptive T cell therapy is used to enhance immune response, then cancer cell killing is improved, but the immunosuppressive microenvironment reduces T cell activity
Solution Approach 1:
The oncolytic virus serves as an intermediary that mediates between the infused effector T cells and the immunosuppressive cancer microenvironment. The virus infects cancer cells, causing lysis and releasing inflammatory mediators and tumor antigens that counteract immune suppression, thereby creating a favorable environment for the effector T cells to exert their anti-tumor activity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies preliminary anti-action by using oncolytic viruses to pre-treat the tumor microenvironment before infusing effector T cells. The virus preliminarily counteracts the immunosuppressive factors by inducing inflammation and antigen release, thereby preemptively neutralizing the harmful effects that would otherwise inhibit T cell function
3Reliability
If multiple treatment steps are combined (vaccination, T cell isolation, stimulation, virus administration), then therapeutic efficacy is improved, but treatment complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple therapeutic modalities into a unified treatment protocol: tumor antigen vaccination, oncolytic virus administration, and adoptive T cell therapy are combined and temporally coordinated. The vaccination primes the immune system, the oncolytic virus modifies the tumor microenvironment and releases antigens, and the infused T cells execute the anti-tumor response, with all components working synergistically as an integrated system
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to augmenting the effects of adoptive T cell therapy, such as TVAX Immunotherapy, using adjunct treatment with an oncolytic virus, such as a vaccinia virus, to treat various types of cancer or other proliferative disorders. Immunomodulatory compounds can be used to further augment to effects of the therapy.