Absorbent Article Lower Acquisition Distribution System Wetness Indicator

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Solution Overview

Problem

Absorbent articles often suffer from a cold and damp feel on the garment-facing surface due to moisture penetration through the backsheet, and they lack a reliable signal to indicate when the absorbent capacity is nearing its maximum, leading to premature changes.

Innovation Solution

The introduction of a lower acquisition and distribution system (ADS) between the absorbent material and the backsheet, which temporarily holds liquid and prevents it from coming into direct contact with the backsheet, combined with a wetness indicator composition on the backsheet that changes color to signal when the absorbent article is full.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Object-affected harmful factors

If a lower acquisition and distribution system is added between the absorbent material and backsheet, then the cold and damp feel on the garment-facing surface is reduced, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecold and damp feelVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The lower acquisition and distribution system acts as an intermediary layer between the absorbent material and the backsheet. This intermediate layer temporarily holds liquid that would otherwise contact the backsheet, preventing moisture penetration and the associated cold, damp feel on the garment-facing surface while maintaining the structural integrity of the absorbent article.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Quantity of substance

If the absorbent core has a high percentage of superabsorbent polymer material, then the absorbent capacity increases, but the absorption speed decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveabsorbent capacityVSAvoidabsorption speed
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSSpeed

Solution Approach 1:

The absorbent article is segmented into functional zones: an upper acquisition and distribution system for rapid liquid uptake, a lower acquisition and distribution system for temporary holding, and an absorbent core with high superabsorbent polymer content for bulk storage. This segmentation allows each layer to perform its specific function optimally - the upper and lower ADS layers provide fast acquisition and distribution, while the absorbent core provides high capacity storage.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Reliability

If a wetness indicator composition is added to the backsheet, then the reliability of detecting absorbent capacity is improved, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvereliability of detecting absorbent capacityVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The wetness indicator composition utilizes color changes to signal the absorbent capacity status. When the absorbent article approaches its maximum capacity, the indicator changes color, providing a reliable visual signal to users. This simple optical detection mechanism enhances reliability without significantly complicating the overall device structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #32Color changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution effectively reduces the cold and damp feel on the garment-facing surface by preventing moisture penetration and provides a reliable visual signal to indicate when the absorbent article needs to be changed, ensuring timely replacement and maintaining wearer comfort.

Implementation Method 1

the lower acquisition and distribution system being interposed between the layer of absorbent material and the backsheet

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAbsorption: Absorption (physical)

Implementation Method 2

an additional acquisition and distribution layer may be applied (the distribution layer) underneath and in direct contact with the acquisition layer. The distribution layer may predominantly serve distribution of fluid within the plane of the layer

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCapillary action: Capillary Action

Implementation Method 3

a wetness indicator composition in direct contact with an inner surface of the backsheet

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectColor change: Photochromism

Implementation Method 4

Commonly used superabsorbent materials are superabsorbent polymers which are typically provided as particles but may also take the form of superabsorbent polymer fibers or superabsorbent polymer foams

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSuperabsorption: Absorption (physical)

Data Source

PatentEP4161464B1Absorbent article comprising a lower acquisition and distribution system and a wetness indicator
Publication Date: 2025.04.02 PROCTER & GAMBLE CO
  • EP4161464B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4161464B1 patent drawingFigure 2A
  • EP4161464B1 patent drawingFigure 2B

AI summary

An absorbent article (20) comprising a topsheet (24), a backsheet (26), and a layer of absorbent material (28) interposed between the topsheet and the backsheet, wherein the layer of absorbent material comprises superabsorbent polymer. The absorbent article further comprises a lower acquisition and distribution system (60) with at least one nonwoven or woven layer, the lower acquisition and distribution system being interposed between the layer of absorbent material and the backsheet. The absorbent article further comprises a wetness indicator composition (75).