Selective Air Pollutant Detection Using Adsorbent Pre-Concentration
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional air pollutant sensors struggle to detect low-concentration pollutants below ppm levels with high sensitivity, are expensive, and lack the ability to selectively measure multiple contaminants efficiently.
Innovation Solution
A low-concentration air pollutant detection device with a concentrator part containing adsorbents and desorption means that adsorb and selectively desorb contaminants using different materials and heating structures to deliver them to a sensor.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional air pollutant sensors are used to detect low-concentration pollutants, then the detection cost is reduced, but the detection sensitivity is insufficient for pollutants below ppm levels
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by introducing an adsorbent that pre-concentrates pollutants from the air stream before they reach the sensor. The adsorbent accumulates pollutants over time, then releases them in a concentrated form to the sensor, enabling detection of sub-ppm concentrations that would otherwise be below the sensor's detection limit.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses an adsorbent as an intermediary substance between the air stream and the sensor. This intermediary concentrates the pollutants and delivers them to the sensor in a form that the sensor can detect, bridging the gap between low-concentration pollutants and the sensor's detection capabilities.
2Adaptability or versatility
If multiple types of adsorbents are used for selective contaminant detection, then the selectivity is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies segmentation by dividing the concentrator into multiple sections, each containing a different type of adsorbent tailored to detect specific contaminants. This segmentation allows selective detection of different pollutant types while maintaining a relatively simple overall device structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements local quality by placing different adsorbent materials in different locations within the concentrator. Each local region has a specific adsorbent type optimized for detecting particular contaminants, enabling selective detection without requiring a completely separate device for each contaminant type.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables high-sensitivity detection of trace pollutants and selective sensing of specific contaminants by concentrating and desorbing them efficiently, reducing analysis time and improving measurement accuracy.
Implementation Method 1
an adsorbent that is positioned in the flow path of the gas that moves to the sensor and adsorbs contaminants in the gas
Implementation Method 2
a desorption means that is positioned adjacent to the adsorbent to individually desorb different contaminants from the adsorbent
Implementation Method 3
a desorption means that is positioned adjacent to the adsorbent to individually desorb different contaminants from the adsorbent
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a low-concentration air pollutant selective detection device and, more specifically, to a low-concentration air pollutant selective detection device capable of detecting a low-concentration air pollutant with high sensitivity, and selectively detecting an air pollutant when necessary. The low-concentration air pollutant selective detection device of the present invention comprises: a sensor which is located in a flow path, through which the gas moves, to detect contaminants in the gas; and a concentrator part which, by including an adsorbent that is positioned in the flow path of the gas that moves to the sensor and adsorbs contaminants in the gas, and a desorption means that is positioned adjacent to the adsorbent to individually desorb different contaminants from the adsorbent, delivers the concentrated contaminants to the sensor.