Aerodynamic Microstructures with Sub-Microstructures for Glint Reduction

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Solution Overview

Problem

Aircraft microstructures such as riblets can cause unwanted optical effects like glint due to high reflectivity, which affects visibility and aesthetics, and existing solutions like low reflectivity coatings or decals can be ineffective at high angles or compromise aerodynamic properties.

Innovation Solution

The implementation of sub-microstructures spaced approximately a wavelength of visible light on aerodynamic microstructures to reduce reflections, combined with a color layer and specific geometric features like primary and secondary peaks, to control reflectivity and transmissivity.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of energy

If riblets or microstructures are used on aircraft surfaces to reduce drag, then aerodynamic efficiency is improved, but unwanted optical effects like glint and high reflectivity occur

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovedragVSAvoidglint and reflections
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The invention divides the microstructure surface into multiple levels by adding sub-microstructures (secondary peaks) to the existing microstructures (primary peaks). This segmentation creates a hierarchical structure where light undergoes multiple scattering events, breaking up the coherent reflections that cause glint while preserving the drag-reducing aerodynamic properties of the original riblet structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The invention adds a second level of structural complexity by superimposing sub-microstructures on the primary microstructures. This dimensional addition creates a multi-scale surface topology that interacts with light in multiple directions, effectively dispersing reflections in three-dimensional space and eliminating concentrated glint patterns while maintaining the two-dimensional aerodynamic flow control function.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Object-generated harmful factors

If low reflectivity optical coatings are applied to reduce glint, then reflectivity is reduced, but effectiveness is lost at high glancing angles

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovereflectivityVSAvoideffectiveness at high angles
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-generated harmful factorsVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The invention changes the geometric parameters of the surface structure by creating a hierarchical arrangement of peaks at different scales. This structural parameter modification affects light interaction across a broader range of incident angles, providing angle-independent glint reduction that overcomes the angular limitations of conventional optical coatings.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Object-generated harmful factors

If decals are applied to aerodynamic surfaces to reduce glint, then optical appearance is improved, but aerodynamic properties of the surfaces are compromised

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveglintVSAvoidaerodynamic efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-generated harmful factorsVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The invention merges the aerodynamic microstructure function with the optical glint-reduction function into a single integrated structure. The sub-microstructures are formed as part of the same riblet system that provides drag reduction, eliminating the need for separate decals or coatings and ensuring that both aerodynamic and optical performance requirements are met simultaneously by the same surface feature.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach effectively reduces glint and enhances aerodynamic efficiency by minimizing reflections while allowing customized optical effects and improved aesthetics, particularly by absorbing or redirecting light at specific angles.

Implementation Method 1

sub-microstructures spaced to reduce reflections, wherein spacings between the sub-microstructures are approximately a wavelength of visible light

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight absorption: Absorption (EM radiation)

Implementation Method 2

sub-microstructures superimposed on the aerodynamic microstructure... to reduce reflections... absorbing or redirecting light at specific angles

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight scattering: Scattering

Data Source

PatentEP3090942B1Aerodynamic microstructures having sub-microstructures
Publication Date: 2019.05.15 THE BOEING CO
  • EP3090942B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3090942B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3090942B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Aerodynamic microstructures (312, 314, 316, 402, 708, 808, 1008) having sub-microstructure (312, 314, 316, 402, 708, 808, 1008) are disclosed herein. One disclosed example apparatus includes an aerodynamic microstructure on an external surface of a vehicle, and sub-microstructures superimposed on the aerodynamic microstructure, where the sub-microstructures are spaced to reduce reflections. (Fig. 3)