Aerosol Identification Device Using Polarization Measures

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing aerosol detection devices often fail to reliably differentiate between aerosols caused by fires and those not caused by fires, such as water vapor, water mist, and dust, leading to frequent false alarms and increased costs due to unnecessary inspections.

Innovation Solution

A device with a light emission and detection system where the optical axes enclose an angle of 35° ± 3°, using polarization measures to distinguish between aerosols, calculating a polarization measure σPol for water vapor/mist and a degree of depolarization σDepol to differentiate between fire-related and non-fire aerosols, ensuring accurate identification before triggering an alarm.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional aerosol detection devices use light scattering measurement, then they can detect aerosols, but they cannot reliably differentiate between fire-related and non-fire aerosols leading to false alarms

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaerosol identification accuracyVSAvoidaerosol type discrimination capability
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of information

Solution Approach 1:

The detection system segments the aerosol identification process by measuring scattered light intensity at multiple discrete angles (e.g., 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°) rather than a single angle. Each angle provides different scattering information that, when combined, enables differentiation between fire and non-fire aerosols. This angular segmentation transforms a single undifferentiated detection into multiple discriminatory measurements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The invention adds the angular dimension to light scattering measurement by detecting scattered light at multiple angles relative to the incident light direction. This dimensional expansion from single-point detection to multi-angular detection creates a scattering pattern signature that uniquely identifies aerosol types, resolving the inability to discriminate between different aerosol sources.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Measurement precision

If multiple optical sensors are arranged at different scattering angles, then aerosol type identification improves, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaerosol classification accuracyVSAvoidoptical sensor arrangement complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The light detection device is designed with multi-functionality by incorporating multiple optical sensors that simultaneously perform different measurement functions. Each sensor at a different angle contributes to building the complete scattering pattern, allowing a single device to capture comprehensive aerosol characteristics without requiring multiple separate measurement systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention merges multiple optical sensors into a single integrated light detection device housed within one housing. The sensors are spatially arranged to detect scattered light at different angles, and their signals are combined through signal processing to generate the aerosol identification result. This consolidation reduces system complexity compared to using separate detection devices.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Length of stationary object

If the detection volume is located outside the housing, then detection distance increases, but the angle between optical axes must be reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection volume distanceVSAvoidoptical axis angle constraint
Core Design Contradiction:
Length of stationary objectVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention applies dynamics by making the optical detection system adjustable rather than fixed. The light detection device can be positioned and oriented to achieve the optimal angle relative to the light emission device, allowing adaptation to different installation configurations and detection distance requirements while maintaining effective aerosol identification.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The device effectively identifies water vapor/mist and non-fire dust particles, reducing false alarms by accurately distinguishing between fire-related and non-fire aerosols, thereby minimizing unnecessary inspections and associated costs.

Implementation Method 1

a device for detecting scattered light signals, comprising a scattering area (107) in fluid communication with the ambient air of the device, a light emission device (101, 201, 301) with a first optical axis (105, 206, 304), at least one light detection device (410, 420) with a second optical axis (412, 424)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight scattering: Scattering

Implementation Method 2

The light detection device (110, 210, 310, 410, 420) further comprises a polarization filter (213, 313, 423) whose plane of polarization forms an angle of 90° with the plane spanned by the first and second optical axes (105, 206, 304; 412, 424)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPolarization filtering: Polarisation

Data Source

PatentEP3096130B1Device for identification of aerosols
Publication Date: 2021.05.26 UNIV DUISBURG ESSEN
  • EP3096130B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3096130B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP3096130B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

The invention relates to a device (100) for identifying aerosols, wherein the device (100) measures the light scattered by aerosols at a specific angular configuration using at least one light detection device (110). From the detection signals of the at least one light detection device (110), the device (100) calculates a polarization measure σPol and, in certain embodiments, a degree of depolarization σDepol using a measuring and computing device. Based on the value of the polarization measure σPol, water droplets can be clearly distinguished from aerosols produced by fires. Based on the value of the degree of depolarization σDepol, dust particles can be clearly distinguished from aerosols produced by fires. The angle at which the scattered light measurement is performed is 35°, or scattered light measurement is performed at two angles, such as 5° and 95°.