Aerosol Inhaler Bridge Circuit for Precise Heater Temperature Sensing

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing aerosol inhalers face challenges in accurately detecting the temperature of the heating element within the appropriate temperature range, which is crucial for efficient aerosol generation and user safety.

Innovation Solution

The aerosol inhaler incorporates a power supply unit with a specific circuit configuration, including a microcontroller unit (MCU), sensors, and an operational amplifier, which allows for precise temperature detection of the heating element by utilizing a differential input signal from a bridge circuit, ensuring accurate temperature control within a detectable range of -10°C to 300°C.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If a simple resistance measurement circuit is used, then the device complexity is reduced, but the temperature detection accuracy deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecircuit complexityVSAvoidtemperature detection accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a bridge circuit as an intermediary measurement system between the heating element and the microcontroller. This bridge circuit converts the resistance change of the heating element into a voltage signal that can be accurately measured, thereby improving temperature detection accuracy without requiring direct complex measurement of resistance at the microcontroller level.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces direct electrical resistance measurement with a voltage-based measurement system using the bridge circuit. This substitution allows the microcontroller to measure voltage differences rather than directly measuring resistance, simplifying the overall measurement architecture while improving accuracy through differential measurement capabilities.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Measurement precision

If a bridge circuit with operational amplifier is used, then the temperature detection accuracy is improved, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetemperature detection accuracyVSAvoidcircuit complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The bridge circuit configuration serves multiple functions: it acts as a temperature sensing mechanism, a signal conditioning stage, and a differential measurement system all in one structure. The operational amplifier simultaneously performs signal amplification and differential voltage measurement, reducing the need for separate components and thereby limiting the increase in overall device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent combines the bridge circuit, operational amplifier, and temperature detection functionality into an integrated measurement system. By merging these components into a unified circuit architecture, the patent achieves high temperature detection accuracy while minimizing the increase in device complexity that would result from using separate independent components for each function.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Ease of operation

If the resistance value of the heating element is measured directly, then the measurement process is simplified, but the detection accuracy in appropriate temperature range deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemeasurement process simplicityVSAvoiddetection accuracy in temperature range
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The bridge circuit serves as an intermediary measurement system that converts the resistance change of the heating element into a measurable voltage difference. This intermediary approach maintains ease of operation by providing a straightforward voltage measurement process while significantly improving detection accuracy within the appropriate temperature range through differential measurement.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the measurement parameter from direct resistance measurement to voltage difference measurement. By measuring voltage differences across the bridge circuit instead of directly measuring resistance, the system achieves higher detection accuracy in the appropriate temperature range while maintaining operational simplicity through standard voltage measurement techniques.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration enables high-accuracy temperature detection and control of the heating element, ensuring efficient aerosol generation and maintaining safety within the specified temperature range, thereby improving the performance and reliability of the aerosol inhaler.

Implementation Method 1

an output signal of the operational amplifier is input to the analog-to-digital converter... the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to a first series circuit of the first element and the heating element... the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to a second series circuit of a second element and a third element

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDifferential voltage measurement:

Implementation Method 2

a heating element... capable of vaporizing the liquid... an electric current flows through the heating element from a power supply unit

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule heating: Joule Heating

Data Source

PatentEP3890433B1Aerosol inhaler and power supply unit of aerosol inhaler
Publication Date: 2022.09.14 JAPAN TOBACCO INC
  • EP3890433B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3890433B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3890433B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

An aerosol inhaler includes: a first branch circuit including a load, a first resistor, and a first node; a second branch circuit including a second resistor, a third resistor, and a second node; an operational amplifier of which a non-inverting input terminal is connected to one of the first node and the second node, and of which an inverting input terminal is connected to the other of the first node and the second node; and a control device having an upper limit temperature and a lower limit temperature. A differential input of the operational amplifier is larger than potential of a negative power supply terminal of the operational amplifier or a minimum value acquirable by the operational amplifier in a first temperature range, and is equal to the potential of the negative power supply terminal of the operational amplifier or the minimum value in a second temperature range.