AESA Radar Module Testing with 2D Beamformed Test Patterns
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Solution Overview
Problem
Testing of small solid state transmitter-receiver modules in active electronically scanned array (AESA) radars is time-consuming and limited by the need for near-field probing and over-the-air measurements, which complicates performance evaluation and increases test duration.
Innovation Solution
A system utilizing a two-dimensional test pattern transmitted and received through an antenna array with transceivers, processed by a unit controlling gain and phase, generating complex radio frequency images for rapid beamforming and improved accuracy, allowing for efficient performance evaluation of each transmitter-receiver module.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If near-field probing with cut wave-guide is used to test individual transmitter-receiver modules, then measurement precision is improved, but loss of time increases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the testing process by using a two-dimensional antenna array where each element independently tests specific transmitter-receiver modules. This parallel segmentation allows simultaneous measurement of multiple modules, reducing total test time while maintaining precision through individual module evaluation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from one-dimensional sequential probing to two-dimensional parallel measurement using an antenna array. The 2D spatial arrangement enables multiple measurement points to operate simultaneously, converting a time-consuming sequential process into a parallel operation that maintains precision while dramatically reducing test duration.
2Ease of operation
If over-the-air measurements are used for performance testing, then ease of operation is improved, but measurement precision deteriorates due to digitization and phase alignment complexities
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a two-dimensional antenna array as an intermediary between the transmitter-receiver modules and the measurement system. This intermediary provides direct electromagnetic coupling for precise near-field measurements while maintaining operational simplicity through automated beamforming and digital signal processing, eliminating the need for complex over-the-air phase alignment.
3Measurement precision
If extensive testing of each individual transmitter-receiver module is performed, then measurement precision is improved, but productivity decreases due to high number of modules
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments both the antenna system and the transmitter-receiver modules into independently testable units. The two-dimensional antenna array allows each element to independently measure specific modules, enabling parallel testing that maintains individual module precision while dramatically increasing overall testing throughput.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements continuous parallel measurement across all antenna elements simultaneously. Instead of sequentially testing modules one by one, the system maintains continuous useful action by having multiple antenna elements measure multiple modules at the same time, thereby maintaining precision while maximizing productivity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Significantly reduces test time and enhances accuracy by enabling quick and precise assessment of radar performance through digital image processing and beam steering, while maintaining controlled interference conditions.
Implementation Method 1
an antenna array (11) with a plurality of antenna elements (211, 212, ..., 21N)... transmitting and/or receiving a two dimensional test pattern
Implementation Method 2
the processing unit (15) is further configured to control a gain and a phase of the plurality of transceivers in order to generate the two dimensional test pattern
Implementation Method 3
The resulting radiation pattern, for example radiated from the radar under test is compared with a predefined reference pattern
Data Source
AI summary
A system for testing a radar under test is provided. The system comprises an antenna array with a plurality of antenna elements, a plurality of transceivers downstream to the plurality of antenna elements and a processing unit. In this context, the processing unit is configured to communicate the radar under test by transmitting and/or receiving a two dimensional test pattern and to compare the two dimensional test pattern with a reference pattern.