Affinity Solid Supports for Oligonucleotide Extraction Without Chaotropes
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing nucleic acid sample preparation methods involve the use of cartridges with buffers containing substances like PEG and guanidine, which can co-elute into the final detection reaction, affecting efficacy, and lack control over filter material properties, leading to manufacturing complexity and cost.
Innovation Solution
The use of a solid support modified with a functional surface group and an affinity reagent, allowing for customizable interaction with nucleic acids through covalent or non-covalent bonding, and a linker for solubility enhancement, enabling efficient nucleic acid isolation and detection without chaotropic agents.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If cartridges with buffers containing PEG and guanidine are used for nucleic acid isolation, then nucleic acid binding capacity is improved, but harmful substances co-elute into the final detection reaction affecting efficacy
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and removes the harmful chaotropic substances (PEG, guanidine) from the isolation buffer system, replacing them with a solid support-based capture mechanism that binds nucleic acids without requiring these harmful additives in the eluate
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a solid support with affinity reagents as an intermediary between the sample and the detection system, which selectively captures nucleic acids through covalent or non-covalent interactions while excluding harmful substances from the final eluate
2Manufacturing precision
If solution-phase or gas-phase methods are used to prepare filter material, then control over surface properties is achieved, but manufacturing complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the approach from modifying surface chemistry through complex solution-phase or gas-phase methods to a simpler solid support functionalization approach, where the solid support is treated with affinity reagents under controlled conditions to achieve desired surface properties
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite structure combining a solid support with affinity reagents (proteins, peptides, or other binding molecules), allowing control over surface properties through the selection and density of these reagents rather than through complex bulk material synthesis
3Reliability
If affinity reagents with specific binding moieties are used, then selectivity for nucleic acids is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent designs a universal solid support platform that can be functionalized with different affinity reagents (proteins, peptides, or other binding molecules) to achieve selective nucleic acid binding, allowing the same basic structure to serve multiple functions with different selectivity requirements
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach provides enhanced control over nucleic acid isolation, reduces manufacturing complexity, and eliminates the need for costly buffer substances, while maintaining high detection accuracy.
Implementation Method 1
The functional surface group can interact with the first moiety of the affinity reagent covalently (e.g., a click/SPAAC reaction)
Implementation Method 2
or non-covalently (e.g., a charged interaction such as ionic bonding or polar interaction, hydrophobic or van der Waals interactions, a biotin-streptavidin interaction)
Implementation Method 3
The affinity reagent can further comprise a linker that interacts with a solvent and increases solubility of the affinity reagent
Implementation Method 4
The affinity reagent comprises a first moiety that interacts with the solid support and a second moiety that interacts with nucleic acid in the sample
Data Source
AI summary
Compositions and methods for isolating and detecting nucleic acid in a biological sample are provided. The compositions and methods utilize a solid support and an affinity reagent for isolating and detecting the nucleic acid.