AIoT Random Access Load Balancing for Collision Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing IoT devices face challenges with high power consumption and the need for manual battery replacement, especially in applications requiring low power consumption, and the large number of IoT devices in AIoT systems leads to increased collision risks during random access procedures.
Innovation Solution
A dynamic load balancing mechanism is implemented in AIoT systems, where UEs tailor resources and target specific device groups using statistics from previous accesses, adjusting configurations dynamically to minimize collisions and system overhead.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If the number of AIoT devices is increased to achieve large-scale IoT deployment, then system coverage and connectivity are improved, but collision risk during random access increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the large population of AIoT devices into multiple groups based on their access behavior statistics. By dividing devices into groups with different access probabilities and resource allocations, the system prevents mass collisions that would occur if all devices attempted access simultaneously. This segmentation allows scalable deployment while maintaining access reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements dynamic load balancing where the network entity continuously monitors access statistics and adjusts resource allocation in real-time. Configuration parameters such as access probabilities, time resources, and frequency resources are dynamically modified based on observed collision patterns and device behavior, enabling the system to adapt to changing traffic conditions and maintain optimal performance as device density increases.
2Reliability
If dynamic load balancing is implemented to reduce collisions, then access reliability is improved, but system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs feedback mechanisms where the network entity monitors random access outcomes and uses this information to adjust configuration parameters for subsequent access attempts. By implementing closed-loop control based on observed collisions and access success rates, the system achieves improved reliability through automated adaptation without requiring complex manual intervention or overly sophisticated algorithms.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent manages complexity by focusing parameter adjustments at the network configuration level rather than requiring complex changes at the device level. The network entity modifies access probabilities, time resource allocations, and frequency resource assignments based on statistics, keeping device firmware relatively simple while achieving sophisticated load balancing through centralized parameter management.
3Use of energy by moving object
If battery-less devices with no energy storage are deployed to reduce maintenance cost, then power consumption is reduced, but peak power availability is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent enables battery-less devices to perform periodic random access attempts rather than continuous transmission. By spacing access attempts over time and using statistical load balancing to determine optimal access probabilities, the system allows energy-harvesting devices to accumulate sufficient energy between transmissions while maintaining acceptable access rates. This periodic action pattern matches the charge-discharge cycles of energy harvesters.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent allows energy-harvesting devices to self-regulate their access behavior based on available energy and network conditions. Devices autonomously attempt access when energy is available, and the network adapts to their intermittent presence through statistical load balancing. This self-service approach eliminates the need for external power management infrastructure or manual intervention.
Data Source
AI summary
A wireless transmit and receive unit (WTRU) may receive, from a network, first configuration information including a first resource identification (ID) and an indication of time and frequency resources to be used in ambient Internet of things (AIoT) access procedure. The WTRU may also receive first assistance information associated with the first resource ID. The WTRU may determine, based on the first configuration and first assistance information, first resource to be used to send a first AIoT message. The WTRU may send the first message and monitor the access occasions to determine if an overload occasion occurred. Upon overload detection, the WTRU may send, to the network, an overload indication. The WTRU may receive, from the network, second assistance information. The WTRU may determine, based on the first configuration and first and second assistance information, a second resource to be used to send a second AIoT message.