Air Battery Oxygen Selective Permeable Membrane CO2 Poisoning
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional air batteries using sea water or brine as electrolytic solutions face performance issues due to insufficient electromotive force and poisoning from carbon dioxide in the air, which reduces ionic conductivity and cathode reaction efficiency.
Innovation Solution
An air battery design incorporating an oxygen selective permeable membrane to efficiently remove carbon dioxide from the electrolytic solution, maintaining oxygen permeability while preventing liquid leakage and clogging, and using a suitable electrolyte and cathode catalyst to enhance discharge capacity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If a strongly alkaline electrolytic solution is used, then electromotive force is improved, but carbon dioxide poisoning occurs which reduces battery performance
Solution Approach 1:
An oxygen selective permeable membrane is introduced as an intermediary component between the air and the electrolytic solution. This membrane selectively allows oxygen to pass through while blocking carbon dioxide, thereby mediating the interaction between air components and the alkaline electrolyte to prevent poisoning while maintaining oxygen supply for the electrochemical reaction.
Solution Approach 2:
The oxygen selective permeable membrane provides localized selective permeability at the air-electrolyte interface. Instead of trying to protect the entire battery system, the membrane creates a localized protective barrier that selectively filters gases where they contact the electrolyte, allowing oxygen to pass while blocking carbon dioxide.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If sea water or brine is used as electrolytic solution, then carbon dioxide poisoning is avoided, but electromotive force is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the chemical composition parameter of the electrolytic solution from weakly alkaline (sea water or brine) to strongly alkaline (such as KOH or NaOH solutions). By combining this parameter change with the introduction of the oxygen selective permeable membrane, the system achieves both high electromotive force from the strongly alkaline solution and resistance to carbon dioxide poisoning from the selective membrane.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If oxygen selective permeable membrane is used, then carbon dioxide removal is improved, but oxygen permeability must be maintained
Solution Approach 1:
The oxygen selective permeable membrane utilizes porous material structure with specific pore sizes and distributions. The porous structure allows gas molecules to pass through via diffusion while the selective pore dimensions and chemical properties enable preferential passage of oxygen molecules over carbon dioxide molecules, achieving both carbon dioxide removal and oxygen supply.
Solution Approach 2:
The oxygen selective permeable membrane employs composite material construction combining different polymer layers or coating structures. This composite structure enhances selective permeability by combining materials with complementary properties - one layer may provide mechanical strength and porosity while another provides selective gas separation properties, optimizing both oxygen permeability and carbon dioxide blocking.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The air battery effectively suppresses carbon dioxide poisoning, maintaining performance by selectively removing CO2 and ensuring efficient oxygen supply, thereby achieving a larger discharge capacity and preventing cathode catalyst degradation.
Implementation Method 1
the oxygen intake has an oxygen selective permeable membrane
Implementation Method 2
oxygen selective permeable membrane that is excellent both in oxygen permeability and in selectivity for oxygen permeation relative to carbon dioxide permeation
Implementation Method 3
a pump circulating the electrolytic solution between the main body and the tank
Implementation Method 4
oxygen incorporated from outside the battery is reduced to hydroxide ions by a cathode catalyst at a solid/gas interface between the catalyst and air
Implementation Method 5
an anode metal is oxidized by the hydroxide ions, so that electrochemical reaction progresses
Implementation Method 6
an anode metal is oxidized by the hydroxide ions
Implementation Method 7
an anode metal is oxidized by the hydroxide ions, so that electrochemical reaction progresses
Implementation Method 8
carbon dioxide in the air reacts with KOH as the electrolyte in the electrolytic solution and potassium hydrogencarbonate (KHCO3) or potassium carbonate (K2CO3) is generated
Data Source
AI summary
An air battery having a main body including a container package member, an electrolytic solution contained in the container package member, a cathode having a cathode catalyst that is in contact with the electrolytic solution, and an anode that is in contact with the electrolytic solution; a tank storing the electrolytic solution; a pump circulating the electrolytic solution between the main body and the tank; an oxygen intake incorporating oxygen into the electrolytic solution in the way of circulation of the electrolytic solution; and a pipe arrangement connecting the tank, the pump, the oxygen intake and the main body so that the electrolytic solution circulates in the order thus named, wherein the oxygen intake has an oxygen selective permeable membrane.