Air Carbon Capture Adsorption Device for Low-Resistance Airflow
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing carbon capture systems using solid amine fine particle adsorbents face high operation resistance during adsorption, leading to increased power and energy consumption, which affects the net efficiency of the carbon capture process.
Innovation Solution
An air carbon capture adsorption device with a support body, heat exchange assembly, airflow dividing assemblies, and adsorption group, which includes communicating members and extension members to form small airflows and increase porosity, reducing airflow resistance and enhancing heat exchange efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If solid amine fine particle adsorbent is piled for carbon dioxide adsorption, then adsorption capacity is improved, but operation resistance increases leading to higher energy consumption
Solution Approach 1:
The adsorbent bed is segmented into multiple layers with different particle sizes. Fine particles are placed in the lower layer to provide high adsorption capacity, while coarse particles are placed in the upper layer to reduce operation resistance and facilitate gas flow. This segmentation resolves the contradiction by spatially separating the functions of high capacity and low resistance.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the adsorbent bed are assigned different local qualities - the lower layer has fine particles with high specific surface area for maximum adsorption, while the upper layer has coarse particles with low resistance for easy gas penetration. This local differentiation allows each region to optimize for its specific function, resolving the capacity-resistance trade-off.
2Productivity
If fine particle adsorbent is used to increase adsorption efficiency, then carbon capture effectiveness is improved, but airflow resistance increases reducing system productivity
Solution Approach 1:
The adsorbent bed is segmented into multiple layers with different particle sizes. Fine particles are placed in the lower layer to provide high adsorption capacity, while coarse particles are placed in the upper layer to reduce operation resistance and facilitate gas flow. This segmentation resolves the contradiction by spatially separating the functions of high capacity and low resistance.
Solution Approach 2:
Coarse particles act as an intermediary layer between the gas flow and fine particles. They pre-filter and guide the gas flow smoothly into the fine particle region, reducing turbulence and pressure drop while maintaining efficient contact between gas and fine adsorbent particles, thus resolving the airflow resistance issue.
3Reliability
If amine solution absorption method is used for carbon capture, then mature technology is available, but solution regeneration consumes large amount of energy
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the thermal regeneration process (heating amine solution) with a mechanical/physical process using temperature-swing adsorption. Solid amine particles adsorb CO2 at low temperature and are regenerated by simple heating without requiring complex solution circulation and thermal processing systems, significantly reducing regeneration energy consumption while maintaining technology reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the operating parameters from liquid-phase amine absorption requiring high-temperature regeneration to solid-phase temperature-swing adsorption. By changing the phase and operating temperature range, the regeneration energy consumption is dramatically reduced while maintaining effective carbon capture performance.
4Use of energy by stationary object
If moisture swing adsorption is used for air carbon capture, then no heating is required for adsorption, but large amount of energy is consumed to dry adsorbent after desorption
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces moisture-swing adsorption with temperature-swing adsorption using solid amine materials. Instead of relying on humidity changes that require energy-intensive drying, the system uses temperature-dependent adsorption/desorption cycles of solid amines, eliminating the need for high-energy drying operations while maintaining low adsorption energy consumption.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The device reduces airflow resistance, ensuring effective carbon dioxide adsorption efficiency while minimizing energy consumption through improved heat exchange and porosity management, allowing for rapid heating and cooling during desorption.
Implementation Method 1
a heat exchange assembly, provided in the support body
Implementation Method 2
airflow dividing assemblies, provided on two sides of the support body, communicated with the heat exchange assembly and used to divide an airflow in an internal space of the support body while performing heat exchange
Implementation Method 3
an adsorption group, dispersedly filled in a space formed by the airflow dividing assemblies and the support body and used to capture carbon by using the small airflow
Implementation Method 4
an extension member, provided outside the communicating member, positioned between any two adjacent communicating members, and used to divide an airflow flowing through the extension member to form the small airflow while increasing a heat dissipation area of the communicating member
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure provides an air carbon capture adsorption device and a low-resistance carbon capture system. The air carbon capture adsorption device includes: a support body, a heat exchange assembly, airflow dividing assemblies, an adsorption group, and external sealing assemblies; wherein the airflow dividing assemblies are provided on two sides of the support body, are communicated with the heat exchange assembly and are used to divide an airflow in an internal space of the support body while performing heat exchange in the internal space of the support body to form at least two small airflows; and the adsorption group is dispersedly filled in a space formed by the airflow dividing assemblies and the support body. The air carbon capture adsorption device can increase a porosity of a fine particle adsorbent, so that a resistance of an airflow passing through an adsorption layer is lower.