Air Conditioner Controller High-Pressure Protection Circuit Design
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Solution Overview
Problem
Air conditioners face damage from excessive compressor pressure, and refrigerant leaks can lead to environmental pollution and safety hazards, necessitating effective high-pressure protection mechanisms.
Innovation Solution
A controller for air conditioners is designed with a first rectifier unit, a power conversion unit, a high-pressure switch (HPS) wiring terminal, a low-voltage control unit, and a high-voltage operating unit, which implements high-pressure protection by disconnecting the HPS wiring terminal under excessive pressure, thereby stopping the controller's operation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a pressure switch is arranged on the refrigerant pipe to detect high pressure, then high-pressure protection function is provided, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the pressure switch detection function with the existing controller circuitry. The pressure switch is electrically connected to the controller, and when high pressure is detected, it triggers the controller to stop the compressor through existing control circuits, merging the protection function into the central control system rather than requiring a separate standalone protection device.
Solution Approach 2:
The controller is designed to perform multiple functions: normal operation control, defrost control, and high-pressure protection. By making the controller universal and capable of handling various control tasks through software or control logic, the system reduces the need for separate dedicated devices for each function, thereby reducing overall device complexity while maintaining comprehensive protection.
2Reliability
If the HPS wiring terminal is connected to the front end of the power supply end of the low-voltage control unit to switch off power supply voltage, then high-pressure protection is achieved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The HPS wiring terminal is pre-connected to the front end of the power supply circuit of the low-voltage control unit. This preliminary arrangement ensures that when high pressure is detected, the power supply can be immediately cut off at the source, preventing any delay in the protection response. The circuit is designed in advance to allow rapid disconnection without requiring complex real-time decision logic.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts the high-pressure protection function from the main control logic and implements it through a dedicated HPS wiring terminal that directly controls the power supply to the low-voltage control unit. This separation allows the protection function to operate independently and immediately when triggered, without being dependent on the complexity of the main control unit's processing logic.
3Reliability
If the low-voltage control unit loses operating power supply to stop controller operation, then high-pressure protection is achieved, but the loss of time occurs
Solution Approach 1:
When high pressure is detected, the system immediately cuts off power to the low-voltage control unit through the HPS wiring terminal, skipping any intermediate processing steps or delays. This direct power cutoff ensures the fastest possible response time, rushing through the protection sequence without unnecessary delays in control logic or signal processing.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively prevents damage from high compressor pressures by ensuring the air conditioner stops operating when excessive pressure is detected, thereby safeguarding the equipment and preventing environmental hazards.
Implementation Method 1
a first rectifier unit, configured to convert an input AC into a high-voltage DC
Implementation Method 2
a power conversion unit, configured to convert the high-voltage DC into a low-voltage DC
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a controller, an air conditioner, and a high-pressure protection circuit. The controller includes a first rectifier unit, a power conversion unit, a high pressure switch (HPS) wiring terminal, a low-voltage control unit, and a high-voltage operating unit. An input end of the first rectifier unit is capable of being electrically connected to an input power supply. An output end of the first rectifier unit is electrically connected to an input end of the power conversion unit. An output end of the power conversion unit is electrically connected to a power supply end of the low-voltage control unit. The HPS wiring terminal is connected to the front end of the power supply end of the low-voltage control. The controller has a function of high-pressure protection.