Air-Fuel Ratio Control Device Feedback Precision Management

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Solution Overview

Problem

Air-fuel ratio feedback control in internal combustion engines is limited by the deterioration of detection precision in air-fuel ratio sensors due to oxygen deficiencies, leading to poorer control precision and performance indices such as engine output, fuel efficiency, and exhaust emissions during open loop control.

Innovation Solution

Implementing a control routine that continues air-fuel ratio feedback control for a predetermined period after the detection precision of the air-fuel ratio sensor deteriorates, switching to open loop control only when necessary, allowing for extended feedback control and improved precision by setting a threshold air-fuel ratio and measurement possible period based on sensor limitations.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If air-fuel ratio feedback control is terminated when detection precision deteriorates, then sensor reliability is protected, but control precision and performance indices deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesensor reliabilityVSAvoidcontrol precision
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies dynamics by making the control mode switchable between feedback control and open-loop control based on real-time detection precision assessment. The system dynamically adjusts the control strategy rather than using a fixed termination threshold, allowing optimization of both reliability and precision under varying operating conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the parameter of control mode (feedback vs. open-loop) based on the detection precision status. By monitoring whether the detected air-fuel ratio remains within a predetermined range and switching control strategies accordingly, the system maintains optimal performance while protecting against sensor limitations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Measurement precision

If air-fuel ratio feedback control is continued beyond sensor detection limits, then control precision is maintained, but detection reliability deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontrol precisionVSAvoiddetection reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses feedback control by continuously monitoring the detected air-fuel ratio and comparing it against predetermined ranges. When the detection value remains within the acceptable range for a specified duration, feedback control is maintained. This closed-loop approach ensures precision is preserved while reliability is protected through continuous verification.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements preliminary action by establishing predetermined ranges and timing thresholds before control decisions are made. The system pre-defines the conditions under which feedback control should be maintained or terminated, allowing proactive management of the precision-reliability trade-off rather than reactive switching.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Reliability

If open loop control is used when feedback control terminates, then sensor limitations are avoided, but fuel injection precision deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesensor limitation avoidanceVSAvoidfuel injection precision
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses the predetermined time range and detection value verification as an intermediary mechanism between the sensor and the control decision. This intermediary layer filters out premature termination signals, ensuring that feedback control is only terminated when genuinely necessary, thereby maintaining fuel injection precision while still protecting against sensor limitations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

4Measurement precision

If feedback control switching threshold is lowered, then control precision is improved, but oxygen supply deficiency occurs more frequently

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontrol precisionVSAvoidoxygen supply deficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies periodic action through the predetermined time duration requirement. Instead of switching control modes immediately upon detecting a boundary condition, the system requires the condition to persist for a specified time period. This periodic verification reduces false switching caused by transient oxygen supply variations while maintaining precision control when conditions are genuinely sustained.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enables continuous air-fuel ratio feedback control, enhancing engine output, fuel efficiency, and reducing exhaust emissions by maintaining precision during sensor limitations, compared to immediate switching to open loop control.

Implementation Method 1

When the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas is richer than the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, oxygen in an atmosphere duct of the air-fuel ratio sensor is ionized by an atmosphere side electrode

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectIonization: Ionisation

Implementation Method 2

when resulting oxygen ions move to an exhaust side electrode through a solid electrolyte layer, a current flows through the air-fuel ratio sensor

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectIon transport through solid electrolyte: Fast Ion Conductor

Data Source

PatentEP3282115B1Air-fuel ratio control device and air-fuel ratio control method
Publication Date: 2019.06.12 NISSAN MOTOR CO LTD
  • EP3282115B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3282115B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3282115B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4

AI summary

An air-fuel ratio control device includes an air-fuel ratio sensor configured such that an output current value thereof varies linearly in accordance with an oxygen concentration, and air-fuel ratio feedback control means capable of executing air-fuel ratio feedback control for feedback-controlling a fuel injection amount on the basis of a detection value from the air-fuel ratio sensor so that exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine reaches a predetermined air-fuel ratio. The air-fuel ratio control device further includes prohibiting means for prohibiting the feedback control when the air-fuel ratio reaches or exceeds a predetermined rich air-fuel ratio. The air-fuel ratio control device permits the feedback control for a predetermined period after the air-fuel ratio reaches or exceeds the predetermined rich air-fuel ratio.