Heavy-Duty Air Spring Damping Through Tuned Chamber Airflow

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing air-ride axle/suspension systems for heavy-duty vehicles lack effective damping characteristics, relying on heavy and complex shock absorbers that increase weight, maintenance costs, and reduce cargo capacity.

Innovation Solution

An air spring design optimizing damping by controlling the volume ratios of the bellows and piston chambers and the size and number of openings between them, providing viscous damping without the need for additional components like valves or rubber flaps, thereby eliminating or reducing the need for shock absorbers.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If shock absorbers are added to provide damping, then damping capability is improved, but system complexity and weight increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedamping capabilityVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines the damping function with the air spring by creating internal flow paths within the air spring structure itself. The bellows chamber and piston chamber are connected through controlled openings, allowing air flow that provides damping without requiring separate shock absorber components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The air spring is designed to perform multiple functions simultaneously: it provides suspension support through air pressure while also providing damping through controlled air flow between chambers. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for separate dedicated damping components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Reliability

If shock absorbers are added to provide damping, then damping capability is improved, but weight increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedamping capabilityVSAvoidsystem weight
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSWeight of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The damping function is merged into the air spring structure through internal chambers and flow paths. The bellows chamber and piston chamber work together within a single component, eliminating the need for additional heavy shock absorber assemblies.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The damping function is extracted from separate shock absorber components and integrated directly into the air spring structure. This removes the need for additional damping components and their associated weight.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Reliability

If valves or rubber flaps are added to control air flow, then damping is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedamping controlVSAvoidcomponent complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The air flow control is achieved through the passive geometric design of the bellows and piston chambers themselves. The flexible bellows material and chamber geometry automatically regulate air flow based on suspension movement, eliminating the need for active valves or flaps.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces mechanical flow control devices (valves, flaps) with a pneumatic system based on flexible bellows and pressure differential. The air flow is controlled by pressure differences and geometric constraints rather than mechanical actuators.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This design enhances damping capabilities, reduces system complexity and weight, lowers maintenance costs, and allows for increased cargo capacity by integrating damping directly into the air spring, optimizing ride quality and stability.

Implementation Method 1

the flow of air between the piston chamber and the bellows chamber through the openings located between the piston chamber and the bellows chamber of the air spring provides viscous damping to the air spring

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectViscous damping: Viscous Damping

Data Source

PatentEP2614270B1Air spring for a heavy-duty vehicle with damping features
Publication Date: 2024.03.27 HENDRICKSON USA LLC
  • EP2614270B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2614270B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2614270B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

An air spring for a heavy-duty vehicle axle/suspension system includes a bellows chamber operatively connected to a piston chamber. An opening is disposed between the bellows chamber and the piston chamber in order to allow fluid to communicate between the bellows chamber and the piston chamber. The cross-sectional area of the opening and the volumes of the bellows chamber and the piston chamber are tuned in order to optimize the damping characteristics of the air spring.