Airborne Collision Avoidance with Localization-Based Traffic Deconfliction

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Solution Overview

Problem

Mid-air collisions between aircraft, exacerbated by the introduction of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), pose a significant risk due to the lack of pilots, autonomous operations, and increased density of small, hard-to-detect drones, leading to potential fatalities and financial losses.

Innovation Solution

A collision avoidance system (CAS) with onboard units on aerial platforms of varying priority levels, utilizing navigational sensors, communication modules, and processors to calculate collision risks and generate steering commands to prevent collisions, while also managing air traffic and adhering to air traffic control rules.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If GPS-based collision avoidance systems are used to determine aircraft locations, then collision detection capability is improved, but system complexity and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaircraft location determinationVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses virtual cylinders (mathematical models) to represent physical aircraft and their safety zones. Instead of complex physical sensors on aircraft, the system creates digital copies (cylinders) that can be easily manipulated and compared computationally to detect potential collisions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces physical mechanical collision avoidance systems with a computational field-based system. Instead of relying on physical sensors and mechanical responses, the system uses mathematical field representations (cylinders) and computational algorithms to detect and prevent collisions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Reliability

If safety envelopes (cylinders) are used around aircraft to enhance collision prevention, then collision avoidance capability is improved, but the system requires complex geometric calculations and coordination

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecollision avoidance capabilityVSAvoidsystem coordination complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent represents all aircraft and their safety zones as uniform cylindrical shapes. This homogenization simplifies the mathematical comparisons needed for collision detection, as all objects follow the same geometric model rather than requiring different calculations for different aircraft types.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #33Homogeneity

Solution Approach 2:

The patent extends the collision detection problem from 3D space into a simplified mathematical representation where cylinders are defined by their spatial parameters. This dimensional abstraction allows for easier computational comparison and conflict detection between multiple aircraft.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

3Reliability

If autonomous collision avoidance systems are implemented for UAVs, then operational safety is improved, but the systems become more complex and difficult to detect

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoperational safetyVSAvoidautonomous system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements autonomous collision avoidance where each UAV's system independently detects potential collisions and generates its own avoidance maneuvers. The system serves itself by using its own sensor data and computational resources to prevent collisions without requiring constant external control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a universal collision avoidance system that can be applied to any UAV regardless of size or function. The same cylindrical representation and detection algorithms work for all autonomous aerial vehicles, providing a scalable solution that doesn't require different systems for different UAV types.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Data Source

PatentUS11756439B2Method and system for avoiding mid-air collisions and traffic control
Publication Date: 2023.09.12 CICONIA LTD
  • US11756439B2 patent drawing
  • US11756439B2 patent drawing
  • US11756439B2 patent drawing

AI summary

A collision avoidance system (CAS) airborne unit onboard an aerial platform of a first priority level includes a navigational module to determine current position of the aerial platform; a communication module to intermittently transmit a localization transmission, and to receive intermittently transmitted localization transmissions from another CAS airborne unit on-board another lower priority level aerial platform; and a processor to calculate, based on the received intermittently transmitted localization transmissions and on a current location, speed and heading of the CAS airborne unit, a collision risk between the aerial platform and the other aerial platform, and to generate one or a plurality of steering commands and cause a transmission of one or a plurality of a steering commands to be performed by the other aerial platform and to cause the steering commands to be transmitted by the communication module to the other CAS airborne unit.